IR WEEK 4 Flashcards
are bound via noncovalent interactive with other membrane proteins
Peripheral membrane proteins
held in the hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer and cannot be released easily
transmembrane proteins
illustrate the number of amino acids of a transmembrane protein located within a cell membranes lipid bilayer (~20-30); also how many membrane spanning domains there are
hydropathy plots
spectrin mutation, produces RBCs that have unusual cell membrane properties… inflexible, destroyed quickly leads to anemia
hereditary spherocytosis
measures the rate at which the carrier can flip its conformation. it is specific for each transport protein and is reflected by km
vMAX
transport of one solute to transport of another
coupled transport
co transporters that involve simultaneous transfer of a second solute in the same direction of the first solute
symporters
list the two types of coupled transport
symport and antiport
exchangers that move one substance in and another out; function is to maintain cellular pH
antiporters
most diseases are the result of cell communication breakdown: signals are lost
diabetes type 1
loss of immune protection
most diseases are the result of cell communication breakdown: cell signals do not reach target
multiple sclerosis
most diseases are the result of cell communication breakdown; target cell does not respond
diabetes type 2
most diseases are the result of cell communication breakdown; too much signal
stroke with release of glutamate in the brain
a motor protein that slides along actin polymers for muscle contraction using ATP hydrolysis
myosin
growth to shrinkage
catastrophe
shrinkage to growth
rescue
paralyzed cilia so chronic lung disease due to sufficient movement of cilia from defect in dynein arms; mutations on two genes DNAI1 and DNAH5 on chromosome 9, both of which encode for proteins found in the ciliary outer dynein arm lead to this syndrome
kartagener syndrome
genetic defect in keratins; skin ruptures or blisters with any mechanical stress
epidermyolysis bullosa
contact with an adhesion protein in the substrate
contact-mediated attraction/ repulsion
attraction to an emitted chemical cue
chemoattraction/chemorepulsion
neural tube closure requires numerous cellular events based on cell migration
spina bifida
sertoli cells have altered cytoskeleton and lack androgen receptors on nucleus; alterations in these cells cytoskeleton during development produce infertility
kennedy disease
protein enzymes that add phosphates to various proteins involved in cell cycling
cyclin dependent kinases
a ubiquitin ligase that catalyzes the destruction of major proteins; securin (protects protein links between sister chromatids and unleashes anaphase) and S- and M-cyclins
APC/C
cyclin D
G1 Cyclin
Cyclin E
G1/S Cyclin
Cyclin A
S cyclin
Cyclin B
M Cyclin
a ubiquitin ligase that catalyzes the destruction of major proteinsn
Cyclosome APC/C
microtubule organizing center that has centrioles and nucleation sites; important during mitosis
centrosome.
