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PSY 202 > IQ > Flashcards

IQ Flashcards

1
Q

Boring’s definition of intellegence

A

intelligence is whatever intelligence tests measure
- doesn’t ask what makes some people smarter than others?

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2
Q

Galton’s IQ theory

A

he believed that intelligence was a byproduct of sensory capacity and that the more you could sense the more knowledge you could obtain.
- not actually true, sensory was weakly related to iq

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3
Q

Binet and Simon

A
  • designed first intelligence test in 1905
  • focused on higher reasoning and ability to understand theoretical concepts (abstract thinking)
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4
Q

abstract thinking

A

Intelligence is the ability to understand theoretical/hypothetical concepts

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5
Q

General Intelligence

A
  • spearman
  • accounts for overall differences in intellect
  • people with effective, powerful brains
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6
Q

specific intelligence

A

particular intelligence in a specific domain
- intelligence is made up of both g and s

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7
Q

fluid intelligence

A

capacity to learn new was of solving problems
- cattell and horn

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8
Q

crystallized intelligence

A
  • accumulated knowledge of the world over time
  • used to answer factual questions
  • cattel and horn say iq is a mix of fluid and crystallized
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9
Q

Multiple intelligences

A
  • different domains of being smart
  • gardner
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10
Q

8 intelligence types

A
  1. linguistic
  2. logico-math
  3. spatial
  4. musical
  5. bodily-kinesthetic
  6. intrapersonal
  7. interpersonal
  8. naturalistic
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11
Q

limitations to gardners multiple intelligences

A
  • hard to falsify
  • not certain which things count and which dont
  • no evidence that these intelligences are independent
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12
Q

frames of mind

A

ways of thinking of the world

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13
Q

triarchic model

A
  • robert Sternberg
  • 3 distinct types of IQ: analytical, practical, creative
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14
Q

analytical intelligence

A

the ability to think logically (book smarts)

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15
Q

practical intelligence

A

ability to solve real world problems, especially involving other people (street smarts)

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16
Q

creative intelligence

A

ability to come up with novel and effective answers to questions

17
Q

brain and intelligence

A
  • brain size is weakly correlated to intelligence
  • cerebral cortex development is slower in gifted children
  • higher intelligence shows less brain activity (more efficient brain)
18
Q

prefrontal cortex and intelligence

A

its especially active during highly g-loaded tasks

19
Q

intelligence and reaction time

A
  • negatively correlated
  • smarter people have lower reaction times
  • intelligence is related to speed of info processing
20
Q

metacognition

A
  • knowledge of our own knowledge
  • dumber people tend to think they are smarter
21
Q

stanford-binet test

A

intelligence test based on comparing performance to population norms (1916)

22
Q

Intelligence quotient (IQ)

A
  • stern 1912
  • = divide mental age by chronological age and multiply by 100
  • compare iq at what its supposed to be for a certain age
23
Q

Limitations to IQ test by Stern

A
  • iq peaks at around 16
  • modern tests fix this by using deviation IQ
24
Q

Wechsler Adult intelligence scale (WAIS)

A
  • iq test for adults which included overall iq, verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, processing speed
25
Q

genetic influences on IQ

A
  • Iq runs in families
  • environment deprivation can override but genetics still play a role
26
Q

environmental influences on intelligence

A
  • children from larger families have slightly lower iqs
  • later born children tend to have lower iqs
  • amount of schooling has an effect
  • early interventions have short term increases in IQ
  • decrease in iq over time while living in poor environments because of lack of nutrition and exposure to lead
27
Q

does how we think effect iq

A
  • people who believe intelligence is fixed have take fewer academic risks
28
Q

flynn effect

A

average increase in iq of 3 points per decade.
- could be cause of environmental influences like increased test sophistication, increased complexity of the world, better nutrition, changes in home and school

29
Q

sex differences

A
  • no big difference between iq of men and women
  • females do better at verbal tasks and emotion
  • males do better on spatial test like mental rotation and geography

PSY 202 (4 decks)

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