IPC Flashcards
Privileges and limitations of an instrument rating
Fly PIC of a multi engine or single engine under the IFR and night VFR
Can only conduct a circling approach if last IPC included one
Covers you for an AFR (multi engine IPC also covers single engine AFR)
IPC expiry
IPC expires on the last day of the month + 12 months
If you renew within 3 months prior to the expiry the original expiry date for the following year is maintained
IFR general recency requirements
3 approaches in 90 days
1 approach in 90 days for the specific approach type (i.e. 2D/3D/CDI/AZI)
A pilot who has passed an IPC in 90 days is taken to meet all recency requirements
Single pilot IFR recency requirements
1 single pilot IFR flight of ≥1hr in 6 months
Night IFR requirements
3 take offs and landings in 90 days to carry passengers
Instruments required (11 + lights) (And requirements for pax charter)
ASI (with pitot heat)
Altimeter (2 required for pax charter)
VSI
AH (2 required and duplicate power source for pax charter)
Directional indicator (duplicate power source for pax charter)
Turn coordinator (duplicate power source for pax charter)
Compass
OAT indicator
Time piece (for pax charter must be fitted to aircraft)
Suction indicator
Assigned altitude indicator for CTA
(Autopilot with pitch/roll/hdg/alt hold or 2 pilots for pax charter)
Landing light (2, or 1 with 2 filaments, for pax charter)
Illuminated instruments with standby power and intensity control
Pilot compartment lighting
Passenger compartment lighting
Nav lights
Beacon/strobe lights
Shockproof torch for each crew member
When is a weather radar required?
IFR charter/RPT 2 pilot
Exceptions: Unpressurised piston, and unpressurised turbine ≤5700kg
When is GPWS required?
IFR charter/RPT turbine >15,000kg or ≥10 pax (TAWS if <5700kg)
Pitot/static blockage effects on instruments
PUDSUC
Pitot blocked - ASI under reads on descent (and over reads on climb), no change to altimeter or VSI
Static blocked - ASI under reads on climb (and over reads on descent), altimeter will freeze at altitude blocked and VSI will read 0fpm
Compass errors (acceleration and turning)
In the southern hemisphere - SAND
Shows a turn to the South when Accelerating and a turn to the North when Decelerating
Due to turning errors, we must ONUS in the southern hemisphere
Overshoot when turning Northerly and Undershoot turning Southerly
About 30˚ over/undershoot on North and South (15˚ at higher latitude like Cairns)
Rolling out on East or West will have no error
If you can’t get a forecast?
You can depart if you are satisfied you can return within an hour, and required forecasts must be obtained within 30 mins
Forecast validity requirements
30 minutes before and 60 minutes after ETA
Buffer periods on TAFs?
Bad weather extends 30 minutes into the good weather for INTER/TEMPO/FM/BCMG.
Does not apply for the first 3 hours of a TAF3.
Take off minima? (Standard)
Requirements to use
300ft ceiling
2000m visibility
In event of engine failure terrain clearance assured until LSALT/MSA
If a return would be required, conditions must be above landing minima or allow for a visual approach
If a return is not possible, must have performance and fuel to go somewhere suitable (terrain, obstacles, distance limitations)
Take off minima for qualifying multi engine aeroplanes?
What is a qualifying multi engine aeroplane?
0ft ceiling
800m visibility
550m visibility permitted if:
Towered, or if not by day only
<60m edge lighting + centreline markings/lights
Standby power with 1sec switchover on edge/centreline lights
2 crew/1 crew jet/1 crew autofeather
>5700kg + obstacle clearance requirements of CAO 20.7.1B
≤5700kg and 1.9% gross climb OEI, 0.3% greater than obstacle free gradient for runway length required surveyed out to 7500m from 150m baseline from end of TODA and 12.5% splays (150m strips always have this)
Alternate requirements mnemonic
Alternates (Aids) Could (Cloud) Very (Visibility) Well (Wind) Prove (Provisional/Prob forecasts) Life (Lights) Saving (Storms/Icing/Fog/Smoke/Cyclones/Dust storms/etc)
Navaid alternate requirements IFR
Navaids available:
1 IAP for which pilot and aeroplane are capable
For charter/RPT:
2 separate ground based navaid IAP with 2 receivers in the aeroplane, or
1 navaid with 2 receivers in the aeroplane
TSO-C145/146 counts as a receiver if an RNAV approach is available
If no navaid available: By day only, no more than SCT below last route segment LSALT + 500ft and 8km visibility (by night an alternate is always required)
Navaid alternate requirements NVFR
NDB/VOR at destination, or aircraft is GPS equipped and pilot is qualified (IAP itself is irrelevant, only matters if we can navigate towards it with a navaid)
Otherwise alternate must be within 1hr flight time
Weather alternate requirements IFR
Cloud not more than SCT and visibility not below minimum required:
IAP: On approach chart
No IAP day: last route segment LSALT + 500ft and 8km visibility
No IAP night: alternate required
IAP but no forecast: alternate required
Weather alternate requirements NVFR
No more than SCT below 1500ft and 8km visibility
Lighting alternate requirements
PAL - responsible person
No automatic standby power - responsible person to turn on manually/portable lighting
Portable - responsible person
(i.e. non-PAL electric with standby power does not require a responsible person or alternate)
Alternate does not require standby power, but if alternate has PAL must have responsible person unless 2 x VHF or VHF + HF + 30 minutes fuel.
RPT >3500kg only: Alternate does not require standby power, but PAL must always have responsible person.
Special alternate minima requirements
Dual ILS capability (2 x LOC, 2 x G/P, 2 x marker or marker + DME, 2 x NDB where used for ILS)
Tower must be open
METAR/SPECI must be available
Visual departure requirements
Conditions must allow for climb in VMC to LSALT/MSA/enroute LSALT
Unless tracking via SID or as directed by ATC must be on track by 5NM
Cat A speeds
Threshold: <91kts Initial: 90-150kts Reversal: 110kts Final: 70-100kts Circling: 100kts MAP: 100kts
Cat B speeds
Threshold: 91-120kts Initial: 120-180kts Reversal: 140kts Final: 85-130kts Circling: 135kts MAP: 150kts
Cat C speeds
Threshold: 121-140kts Initial: 160-240kts Final: 115-160kts Circling: 180kts MAP: 240kts
Holding speeds
≤FL140: 230kts (170kts where limited to Cat A/B only)
FL140-FL200: 240kts
>FL200: 265kts
Obstacle clearance (SID/MAP/MSA)
SID:
- 3% climb gradient required
- 5% obstacle clearance provided
MAP: 2.5% 100ft obstacle clearance provided
MSA: 1000ft obstacle clearance
Class C VMC
Class C: 1000ft vertical 1500m horizontal 5000m visibility below 10,000ft 8km visibility above 10,000ft
Special VFR:
Clear of cloud
In sight of ground or water <2000AGL
1600m visibility