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Electro > Iontophoresis > Flashcards

Iontophoresis Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: Ionization is the movement of ions in solution.

A

False

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2
Q

T/F: The dispersive electrode contains the ions.

A

False

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3
Q

T/F: pH reactions of greater than 5 are alkaline.

A

True

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4
Q 
Which type of current does iontophoresis produce?
A. biphasic
B. continuous monophasic
C. polyphasic
D. pulsatile
A

B

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5
Q 
What is the recommended range for iontophoresis current amplitude?
A. 3-5 mA
B. 5-10 mA
C. 50-100 mA
D. 100-150 mA
A

A

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6
Q 
Chemical burn is often associated with iontophoresis and may be attributed to:
A. allergic reaction
B. poor electrode contact
C. the medication
D. continuous direct current
A

D

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7
Q 
Which of the following is not an ion used to treat inflammation?
A. hydrocortisone
B. salicylate
C. lidocaine
D. dexamethasone
A

C

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8
Q 
Skin impedance usually decreases during treatment. \_\_\_\_\_\_ should be decreased to avoid pain and burning.
A. current intensity
B. electrode size
C. treatment time
D. ion dosage
A

A

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9
Q 
What problem do areas of thick fat and skin present?
A. decreased ion absorption
B. increased ion absorption
C. decreased resistance
D. increased resistance
A

D

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10
Q 
Which of the following is a contraindication for iontophoresis?
A. inflammation
B. analgesia
C. asthma
D. muscle spasm
A

C

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11
Q

Phonophoresis vs Iontophoresis

A

Phono involves the use of acoustic energy in the form of US to drive whole molecules across the skin into the tissues. Ionto uses electrical current to transport ions into the tissues.

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12
Q

Delivery of Iontophoresis

A

Done at a constant rate. Can be spiked or sustained. To drive the medication in less time, you can increase the intensity. Sustained helps in the reduction of allergies/burns

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13
Q

Rate of delivery depends upon…

A

concentration of ion, pH of solution, molecular size of solute, current density, duration of treatment

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14
Q

The electrode that has the greatest concentration of electrons is _______.

A

negatively charged (the negative electrode or cathode)

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15
Q

Negative electrode creates a ______ reaction.

A

acidic

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16
Q

Positive electrode creates a ______ reaction.

A

alkaline (most likely to produce tissue damage)

17
Q

Force that acts to move ions through the tissues is determined by…

A
  • strength of electrical field (current density_

- electrical impedance of tissues to current flow

18
Q

________ determines ion migration.

A

Current density

19
Q

Current density is altered by…

A
  • size of electrode

- increasing/decreasing current density

20
Q

Treatment depth

A

no more than 1.5 cm over a 12-24 hour period, 1-3 mm during average 15 minute treatment

21
Q

Quantity of ions transferred into tissues is determined by…

A

intensity of current, current density at active electrode, duration of current flow, concentration of ions in solution

22
Q

Ion transfer can be increased by…

A

increasing intensity and duration of treatment

23
Q

What does iontophoresis do?

A

Involves the administration of ionic therapeutic agent through the skin by application of low level electrical current

24
Q

Most effective dosage

A

40 mA-minutes

25
Q

Acetate

A

Source: acetic acid
Polarity: negative
Indications: calcium deposits, inflammation
Concentration: 2.5-5%

26
Q

Dexamethasone

A

Source: DexNa2PO3
Polarity: negative
Indications: inflammation
Concentration: 0.4%

27
Q

Lidocaine

A

Source: Lidocaine
Polarity: positive
Indications: local anesthetic
Concentration: 5%

28
Q

Tap Water

A

Source: n/a
Polarity: negative/positive
Indications: hyperhidrosis
Concentration: n/a

29
Q

Salicylate

A

Source: NaSal
Polarity: negative
Indications: inflammation, plantar warts
Concentration: 2%

30
Q

Indications

A

Inflammation, analgesia, muscle spasm, ischemia, edema, calcium deposits, scar tissue, hyperhidrosis, fungi, open skin lesions, herpes, allergic rhinitis, gout, burns, RSD

31
Q

Contraindications

A

skin sensitivity, sensitivity to aspirin, gastritis or active stomach ulcer, asthma, sensitivity to metals and seafood

32
Q

Precautions

A

unknown patient allergies, cardiac disease, impaired mentation/dementia, malignant tumor, open wounds, skin irritation, after using other physical agents

33
Q

Side Effects of Iontophoresis

A

Erythema, itching, tingling, burning, minimal blistering (co-delivery of saline + hydrocortisone may dampen the severity of irritation)

34
Q

Hyperhidrosis

A

Over excitability of sympathetic, cholinergic fibers that innervate eccrine glands

35
Q

Positive aspects for Anesthesia

A

negates the pain of injection, prevents variation in absorption, reduces chance of over/under dose, short-half lives, simple to use and easy to terminate

36
Q

Examples of disorders suitable for Iontophoresis

A

Inflammation, lateral epicondylitis, hyperhidrosis, anesthetic, plantar fasciitis and tendonitis

Electro (6 decks)

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