Ions

Question 1

What is an ion?

Answer 1

Ions are electrically charged particles formed when atoms lose or gain electrons

Question 2

When would an ion form?

Answer 2

When a atom is attempting to get a full outer shell so loses or gains electrons

Question 3

Why do atoms want to form ions to make a full outer shell?

Answer 3

To form a stable electronic structure

Question 4

What charged particle does a metal make when it forms an ion?

Answer 4

It loses one or more electrons so it forms a positive ion

Question 5

What charged particle does a non metal make when it forms an ion?

Answer 5

It will gain one or more electrons so it forms a negative ion

Question 6

How can you tell the amount of charge on an ion

Answer 6

The amount of electrons transferred will be the charge number

Question 7

What groups on the periodic table are the most likely to form ions

Answer 7

groups 1 & 2 metals will lose electrons to form positive electrons

groups 6 & 7 elements are non metals that will gain electrons so form negative electrons

Question 8

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 8

When a metal and a non-metal react together the metal atom loses electrons to form a positive ion while the non-metal gains the electrons from the metal to form a negative ion. The oppositely charged ions are strongly attracted together by electrostatic forces

Question 9

Describe the dot and cross diagram for sodium and chlorine reacting to each other

Answer 9

Sodium will be 2,8,1
Chlorine will be 2,8,7

Sodium chloride will be made

sodium ion will be 2,8 charge 1+

chlorine ion will be 2,8,8 charge 1-

Question 10

Describe the dot and cross diagram for magnesium and oxygen reacting to each other

Answer 10

oxygen 2,6
magnesium 2,8,2

magnesium oxide will be made

magnesium ion will be 2+
oxygen ion will be 2-

Question 11

What structure does an ionic compound have?

Answer 11

Giant ionic lattice

Question 12

What is a giant ionic lattice?

Answer 12

ions form closely packed regular lattice arrangement, with strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions, IN ALL DIRECTIONS

Question 13

What properties do ionic compounds usually have

Answer 13

High melting points and high boiling points due to the many strong bonds between the ions. It takes lots of energy to overcome this attraction

When they are solid ions are held in place so the compound cant conduct electricity. When the ionic compound melts the ions are free to move and they’ll carry electric current

Ionic compounds also dissolve easily in water the ions separate and are all free to move in the solution so, they’ll carry electric current