Ionic Compounds and Nomenclature

Question 1

Groups or families

Answer 1

Elements in the same vertical cloumns; have similar chemical properties

Question 2

Periods

Answer 2

Horizontal rows of elements

Question 3

Group 1 name

Answer 3

Alkaline metals

Alkalinity means basic (react violently with water)

Question 4

Group 2 name

Answer 4

Alkaline earth metals

Question 5

Group 17 name

Answer 5

Halogens

Question 6

Group 18 name

Answer 6

Noble gases

Question 7

What is special about the charges of the transition metals?

Answer 7

They are capable of having different charges

Question 8

What is the charge of a Zn ion?

Answer 8

+2

Question 9

What is the charge of a Ag ion?

Answer 9

+1

Question 10

How do we find the charge that elements will make?

Answer 10

Look at the group number

Question 11

At what group do we start making negative charges?

Answer 11

Group 5

Then it goes -3, -2, -1, 0

Question 12

Isoelectronic series

Answer 12

Series of ions/atoms containing the same number of electrons

Question 13

Sample isoelectronic series

Answer 13

Ca (+2), K (+1), Ar, Cl (-1)

goal is to make the elements have the same number as the noble gas

These ions are ordered in order by increasing radius

Question 14

When is an ion the smallest?

Answer 14

When it has the maximum number of protons

More protons = smaller!

Question 15

Metalloids

Answer 15

Have properties of both metals and non-metals

Question 16

Where do we find metalloids?

Answer 16

Make a staircase starting on the outside of boron

Question 17

Oxidation state of vanadium

Answer 17

+2, +3, +4, +5

Question 18

Oxidation state of chromium

Answer 18

+2,+4,+6

Question 19

Oxidation state of Maganese

Answer 19

+2, +4, +7

Question 20

Oxidation state of Fe

Answer 20

+2, +3

Question 21

Oxidation state of cobalt

Answer 21

+2, +3

Question 22

Oxidation state of nickel

Answer 22

+2

Question 23

Oxidation state of copper

Answer 23

+1, +2

Question 24

Which metal is not solid at room temp?

Answer 24

Hg (mercury)

Question 25

Diatomic Elements

Answer 25

Hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, flourine, chlorine, bromine, iodine

7 diatomic elements!

Question 26

Natural state of P

Answer 26

P₄

Question 27

Nat state of S

Answer 27

S₈

Question 28

Cation

Answer 28

makes a positive charge

Question 29

Anion

Answer 29

negative charge

Question 30

Rules of naming compounds (type 1)

Answer 30

1. The cation is always named first (sodium chloride)
2. Monoatomic cation takes it name from parent ion (sodium ion)
3. Monoatomic anion is named by taking the root of the element name and adding –ide (chloride ion)

Question 31

Type II ionic compounds

Answer 31

Compounds that include transition elements that can make more than one charge. Must indicate the charge of the cation using a Roman numeral.

Question 32

Which transition elements do not have multiple charges?

Answer 32

Zinc (always +2) and Silver (always +1)

Question 33

Lattice energy

Answer 33

Indicates how strongly the ions attract each other in a solid state

More lattice energy = more stable

Question 34

Should the overall change be positive or negative when creating a compound?

Answer 34

Negative. When it’s negative, we have a stable crystal.

Question 35

Sublimation

Answer 35

solid metal to gas

Question 36

Ionization

Answer 36

gaseous metal ions become ionized

Question 37

Formation of an ionic compound

Answer 37

we need the metal and nonmetal to be in ionized gaseous form before we can combine. once we have that, we can make a gaseous compound and then convert back to a solid.

Question 38

Equation for lattice energy

Answer 38

Columb’s law + crystal energy