Ionic Bonding

Question 1

describe how ions are formed.

Answer 1

Atoms or molecules that have gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a net charge.

Question 2

define an ionic bond.

Answer 2

The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.

Question 3

deduce the empirical formula of a salt given a diagram of its giant lattice.

Answer 3

Given a lattice diagram, count the ratio of cations to anions to deduce the empirical formula.

Question 4

describe the limitations of models representing giant ionic lattices.

Answer 4

2D and 3D Models:

Simplified Representation - They cannot accurately depict the continuous and infinite nature of a lattice.

Static View - Do not show the dynamic nature of ions.

Scale - Unable to convey the actual sizes and distances between ions.

Question 5

explain why ionic substances do not conduct electricity when solid, but do conduct electricity when molten or in aqueous solution.

Answer 5

Ions are not free to move in a solid. When an ionic substance is dissolved in solution or molten the ionic lattice is broken down allowing the ions to move freely and so conduction occurs.