Ionic and Covalent Compounds Flashcards
What are chemical bonds?
They are chemical forces of attraction between two atoms in a molecule.
These forces of attraction overcome repulsive forces between positively charged nuclei.
Chemical bond is a result of:
- Transfer of electrons
- Sharing of electrons
Lewis symbols were developed by __________.
G.N. Lewis
How are ionic bonds formed?
By the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
Why are ions formed?
- Atoms with an incomplete octet gain or lose electrons to attain noble gas configuration.
- The difference in no. of electrons and no. of protons leaves a charge.
The atoms in polyatomic ions are bonded by ________ bonds.
Covalent
What is a covalent bond?
Formed by the sharing of electrons.
What is the difference between polar and non-polar covalent bonds?
Polar:
1. Different atoms
2. Difference in electronegativity.
3. Unequal density of e- around the atoms
4. Partial ionic characteristics
Non- polar:
1. Atoms that have an identical tendency to share electrons
2. Same electronegativity
3. Equal sharing of e-
4. Purely covalent bonds
What is the difference in covalent and ionic compounds?
Covalent:
1. Physical state- solids, liquids or gases.
2. Low melting or boiling point
3. Crystalline or amorphous solids
4. Maintain their neutral character in solution and not electrolytic.
Ionic:
1. Solids with 3D structure.
2. Higher melting and boiling point
3. Crystalline solids
4. Dissociate into positive and negative ions and conduct electricity.
What is bond energy?
The amount of energy required to break a bond.
Why does triple bond have the highest bond energy?
Because it shares 3 pairs of electrons between two atoms, which makes it stable.
What is covalency?
The no. of covalent bonds required to attain isoelectronic structure of noble gas.
