Investigative Interviewing I Flashcards
pre trial confrontation consists of two stages:
- investigatory stage
- evidentiary stage
methods used to generate pool of potential suspects
- (system variables)
- gather information from witness and suspects
- construct photofits, sketches, present photographs
- check fingerprints
- identify persons in the vicinity at the time of the offence
History of interviewing
- 1990s- was confrontational, with the primary aim to gain a confession
- induction of the principles of investigative interviewing
- Aim to change police culture from seeking a confession to seeking the truth
- Aim to remove the use of trickery and deceit
The Police and Criminal Evidence (PACE) Act (1984) Included a new ethical framework whereby interviewers should…
◦ Search for the truth
◦ Approach investigations with an open mind
The Police and Criminal Evidence (PACE) Act (1984) …Requirements include…
◦ Cautioning of all persons of interest
◦ Provision of adequate rest for persons detained
◦ Special requirements for vulnerable persons
◦ Recording of all person of interest interviews
Investigative interviewing Development of a five-day interview training,
◦ Obtain accurate and reliable accounts
◦ Act fairly when interviewing
◦ Approach investigative interviewing with an investigative mindset
Home Office produced principles of investigative interviewing…
◦ Ask a wide range of questions
◦ Recognise the impact of an early admission
◦ Not accept the first answer given
◦ Put questions to the person even when their right to silence is exercised
PEACE
Preparation and planning, engage and explain, account, closure, evaluation
Methods of interviewing: Cognitive interview
A set of techniques used to increase the amount of
accurate information obtained from a witness by increasing memory retrieval.
Cognitive interview - four principles
mental reinstatement; report everything; change order, and change perspective.
encoding specificity hypothesis
memory increased when conditions are similar to that of when the memory was formed - the conditions present while encoding information relate to memory and recall of that information.
