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Zoology > Invertebrates > Flashcards

Invertebrates Flashcards

1
Q

How many roundworms are there thought to be?

A

1 million but 25000 known

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2
Q

What are the features of roundworms?

A

Bilateral symmetry

Cylindrical body with tapered end

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3
Q

Are internal organs in round worm surrounded by mesoderm?

A

No so they are psedocoelomate

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4
Q

What is the purpose of multi layered cuticle?

A

Helps maintain high pressure

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5
Q

Are the muscles in the round worm antagonistic?

A

No

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6
Q

How do muscles in the round worm work?

A

They twitch side to side and the hydrostatic skeleton pills them into shape

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7
Q

What is the scientific name for round work?

A

Nematoda

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8
Q

What is the lifestyle like for free living round worm?

A

Marine freshwater terrestrial
All habitats dessert to polar region
Feed on bacteria
Microscopic organisms

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9
Q

What is an important of free living round worms in the soil?

A

Important in soil nutrient cycling

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10
Q

What are the two lifestyles of roundworms?

A

Free living

Parasites of animals

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11
Q

What is elephantiasis caused by?

A

Infection with filariasis type nematodes which infects lymphatic system

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12
Q

How do roundworm reproduce?

A

Sexual reproduction- internal fertilisation

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13
Q

Are roundworm mainly dioecious (mainly male or female)?

A

Yes

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14
Q

What was the first multicellular organisms to have its genome sequenced?

A

Caenorhabditis elegans

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15
Q

What are examples of the phylum Echinodermata?

A

Sea lilies
Sea urchins
Star fish
Sea cucumbers

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16
Q

What are features of Echinodermata?

A

All marine, bilateral symmetry in larvae but 5 fold radial symmetry in adults, coelomates

17
Q

What is the body plan of Echinodermata?

A

Water vascular system and thin epidermis covering a endoskeleton and external spines

18
Q

How to Echinodermata reproduce?

A

Sexual reproduction with separate sexes

19
Q

How many species are Echinodermata?

A

7000

20
Q

What are the features of the phylum Mollusca?

A

Eg snails, clams, octopuses
Bilateral symmetry
Muscular foot
Well developed head

21
Q

What are features of the class Bivalvia?

A

Aquatic animals with two shell valves
Sedentary or burrowing
Expanded gills for filter feeding
Separate sexes

22
Q

What is torsion?

A

Twisting of the body in relation to head and foot brings anus above the head

23
Q

What is a Ctenidia?

A

Gill

24
Q

What are features of the class Gastropoda?

A

Well developed head
Assymmetrical body
Herbivorous or carnivorous
Separate sexes or hermaphrodite

25
Q

Do snails have both both genitalia?

A

Yes

26
Q

How do snails mate?

A

Slow ritual where sperm and a love dart (mucus covered calcareous dart) is exchanged

27
Q

Are love darts a secondary sexual characteristic?

A

Yes

28
Q

What are features of the class Cephalopoda?

A 
Marine predator
Interanal shell
Eg squid
Brain in braincase
Courtship between separate sexes
29
Q

What are features of the phylum Annelida?

A

Eg fan worms, earthworm
Bilateral symmetry
Body covered in chaetae (bristles used for movement)

30
Q

What are advantages of coelomate body plan?

A

Hydrostatic skeleton

Transport of excretory and sexual products

31
Q

What are advantages of Metameric segmentation?

A

Allow independent movement of different of muscles

32
Q

What are advantages of a body covered with chaetae?

A

Bristles help with movement

33
Q

What are features of errantia?

A

On sea floor
Well defined jaw and eyes
Body segment with prominent parapodia
sexual reproduction

34
Q

What are features of sedentaria?

A

Earthworms are burrowers
Leeches are ectoparasites or predators
Hermaphrodites
Regeneration

Zoology (8 decks)

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