Intubation and ventilation

Question 1

Which drugs can suppress the gag reflex?

Answer 1

morphine and fentanyl

Question 2

Name two complications from endotracheal tube insertion

Answer 2

vocal cord damage and pressure from cuff inflation can cause necrosis, leading to stridor

Question 3

Which procedure can be carried out if endotracheal tube is ineffective and the blockage is too severe?

Answer 3

tracheotomy

Question 4

At which GCS level should airway be protected at?

Answer 4

GCS <8

Question 5

What are the indications for ventilation?

Answer 5

1. Failure to oxygenate
2. Failure to ventilate
3. Maintain/protect airway
4. Anticipation of above events

Question 6

What is FiO2?

Answer 6

inspired O2 (21%=normal)

Question 7

What is the normal I:E ratio? In which condition can this be increased?

Answer 7

1:2. Asthma

Question 8

What are the two modes of ventilation?

Answer 8

spontaneous and mandatory

Question 9

How to remove mucous in ventilated person?

Answer 9

add suction

Question 10

Is high-flow nasal NIV?

Answer 10

yes

Question 11

What are the types of ventilator-induced injuries?

Answer 11

volutrauma, barotrauma, atelectotrauma

Question 12

What is the % of O2 in 15L trauma mask?

Answer 12

60%

Question 13

What is the maximum L of O2 in nasal cannula? Which % O2 does this equate to?

Answer 13

4L- 28% O2

Question 14

Name two indications for PEEP/CPAP

Answer 14

COVID-19 and COPD

Question 15

When referring to ICU, how should oxygen be delivered?

Answer 15

venturi mask- specific and accurate % of oxygen