Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Critical Care > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

1
Q

What are the causes of acute pancreatitis?

A

I GET SMASHED

Iatrogenic

Gallstones
Ethanol
Trauma

Steroids
Mumps/other infections/malignancy
Autoimmune
Scorpion bite
Hyperlipidaemia/hypercalcaemia
ERCP
Drugs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is PCT?

A

procalcitonin= sensitive inflammatory marker in response to an infectious agent, very useful in sepsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the rationale for proning a patient with COVID-19?

A

Increased density of alveoli at lung bases. Intubated patient is immobile, therefore their lung bases are compressed and unable to inflate to their maximum potential.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the min volume?

A

tidal vol x RR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is PEEP?

A

=positive end expiratory pressure. Reduces trauma to the alveoli. Improves oxygenation by ‘recruiting’ otherwise closed alveoli, thereby increasing the surface area for gas exchange. Increases the functional residual capacity- the reserve in the patients lungs between breaths which will also help improve oxygenation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is p/pressure support?

A

Pressure support ventilation (PSV) is a spontaneous mode of ventilation in which each breath is initiated by the patient but is supported by constant pressure inflation. This method has been shown to increase the efficiency of inspiration and decrease the work of breathing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the causes of acute kidney injury?

A

AEIOU

Acidosis
Electrolyte imbalance
Intoxications
Overload (fluid)
Uraemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which values are important to report in AKIs?

A

Creatinine, urea, and urine output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How can you cool down a patient?

A

Artic sun, bladder irrigation, RRT (renal replacement therapy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How to determine whether someone is dry or wet? (in ICU)

A

US of IVC and volume of ABP fluctuation (if normal then stable)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name three scoring systems used to determine neurological status?

A

AVPU, GCS, (can’t find name of score)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When can bowel sounds be absent?

A

ileus, but commonly if obese

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are target PaO2 and PaCO2?

A

O2>8 and CO2<8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the ideal MAP?

A

<65

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How can you improve PaO2?

A
  1. Increased Oxygen %
  2. Increase PEEP/CPAP (rather than P-support). PEEP= baseline pressure, if you aren’t reaching/opening/expanding non-compliant alveoli then P-support (increases positive pressure once change in negative pressure detected=breath) won’t improve perfusion of alveoli.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What’s the difference between level 2 and level 3 support of care?

A

lvl 2- single organ support, lvl 3- ventilation + multiorgan failure

17
Q

Which is the first observation to change in NEWS chart when patient acutely unwell e.g. septic?

A

RR!!

18
Q

Which score can be used to assess frailty?

A

Rockwood and performance status

19
Q

Name 2 contraindications for attending ICU?

A
  1. Frailty
  2. Untreatable condition
  3. Acceptable for one condition but not another
20
Q

Which complications can arise from attending ICU?

A

infection, sarcopenia, peripheral neuropathy, optic damage (if proned), weakness, pneumothorax

21
Q

Name common indications for ICU admission

A

trauma, overdose, pneumonia/resp pathology

22
Q

What is the treatment for hyperammonemia?

A

promotion of bowel movement, restricted diet (halt protein intake)- laxatives/enema

23
Q

How can you reduce fluid overload?

A

furosemide…+ CPAP (diverts fluid from lungs)

24
Q

Which toxins can result in AKIs?

A

lithium, methadone, and aspirin overdose

25
Q

Which model is used for breaking bad news?

A 
SPIKES
Setting up
Perception 
Invitation
Knowledge 
Empathy 
Strategy and summary
26
Q

Name two indications for MgSO4

A

torsade de pointes, asthma wheeze, and prevent seizures in pregnancy with preeclampsia

27
Q

Which analgesic agent can be used in place of morphine in a patient with CKD?

A

alfentanyl. This is metabolised by plasma esterases and not excreted in kidney (unlike morphine)

Critical Care (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions