Introduction to the Medical Examiner Flashcards
Foresensic Pathology
The Study of unexplained, sudden, violent, or suspicipus cause of death
Pathology
The study of the structural and functional changes in cells, tissues, and organs that underlie disease
Coroner/JP
elected official
No otraining or MD degree
Medical Examiner
Appointed
MD Degree
Forensic Pathologist
4 years of college
4 years of medical school
4 years pathology residency (anatomic and/or clinical pathology, doard certified by the American Board of Pathology is preferred)
1 year forensic pathology fellowship (board certified preferred)
Multidisciplinary approach
Scene investigation
History
Forensic Science
cause of death
the disease, injury, or combination responsible for the fatality
manner of death
explanation of how the cause arose
Natural vs Non natural
Natural is 100% caused by disease
It can be natural, accident, homicide, suicide, or undetermined
Malcolm X death
Februrary 21, 1965
How many americans are killed with guns everyday?
100
What percent of gun death happen in mass shootings?
Only 1%
Most are suicides (51% by gun), others are homicide
(suicides > homicides> law enforcement > unintentional > undetermined)
Violence
Individual, Family, community, and society
Prevention, programming, and curriculum development at entry level
Social determinants
Childhood experiences
housing
education
social support
family income
employment
our communities
access to health services
Adverse Childhood experiences (ACE)
Physical abuse
emotional abuse
sexual abuse
domestic violence
parental substance abuse
mental illness
suicide or death
crime or imprisoned familu
Cause lifelong medical, mental , social suffering
The natural World
Nautures -> personal development
Socio-econmic -> Personal activity, labour
Political -> public sphere, private sphere
Culture -> knowledge and technology, World views, values
Placed Based Targed Therapy
Community Partnerships
Stabalization (acute and sustained approach to wrap around services)
Credible messengers (violence interruption)
Oppourtunities (Career connections, project empowerment)
Community policing (increased presence, walk/nike beats)
community building (support service development)
How can more basic research for public health effects of gun violence be done?
Specific federal appropriations must be reinstated to the centers of disease control and NIH
firearm injury and mortality prevention research funding (CDC)
$12.5 million for the CDC: “The agreement includes $12,500,000 to conduct research on firearm injury and mortality prevention. Given violence and suicide have a number of causes, the agreement recommends the CDC take a comprehensive approach to studying these underlying causes and evidence-based methods of prevention of injury, including crime prevention. All grantees under this section will be required to fulfill requirements around open data, open code, pre-registration of research projects, and open access to research articles consistent with the National Science Foundation’s open science principles. The Director of CDC is to report to the Committees within 30 days of enactment on implementation schedules and procedures for grant awards, which strive to ensure that such awards support ideologically and politically unbiased research projects.”
firearm injury and mortality prevention research funding (NIH)
$12.5 million for NIH: “The agreement includes $12,500,000 to conduct research on firearm injury and mortality prevention. Given violence and suicide have a number of causes, the agreement recommends the NIH take a comprehensive approach to studying these underlying causes and evidence-based methods of prevention of injury, including crime prevention. All grantees under this section will be required to fulfill requirements around open data, open code, pre-registration of research projects, and open access to research articles consistent with the National Science Foundation’s open science principles. The Director of NIH is to report to the Committees within 30 days of enactment on implementation schedules and procedures for grant awards, which strive to ensure that such awards support ideologically and politically unbiased research projects.”
Stop School Violence Act
his funding goes to Sandy Hook Promise’s school safety programming. It has a lot of bipartisan support, which you can see from the amount of money appropriated.
$1,000,000 is for research to study the root causes of school violence to include the impact and effectiveness of grants made under the STOP School 20 Violence Act;
$75,000,000 for grants to be administered by the Bureau of Justice Assistance for purposes authorized under the STOP School Violence Act;
$50,000,000 is for competitive grants to be administered by the Community Oriented Policing Services Office for purposes authorized under the STOP School Violence Act (title V of division S of 3 Public Law 115–141).
Community based violence prevention
There are a few different line items that are about community violence prevention, but I wanted to highlight these two in particular.
$8,000,000 is for community-based violence prevention initiatives (administered through Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant program)
Project AWARE: “The agreement includes an increase and encourages SAMHSA to expand the identification of children and youth in need of mental health services, increase access to mental health treatment, promote mental health literacy among teachers and school personnel, and provide mental health services in schools and for school-aged youth. Of the amount provided, the agreement directs $10,000,000 for discretionary grants to support efforts in high-crime, high-poverty areas and, in particular, communities that are seeking to address relevant impacts and root causes of civil unrest, community violence, and collective trauma. These grants should maintain the same focus as fiscal year 2019 grants. The agreement requests a report on progress of grantees 180 days after enactment of this Act.”
