Introduction to the human body Flashcards
Anatomy
study of body structures and the relationships between structures
Physiology
Study of the body’s function
Tissues
group of cells & materials around them that work together to carry out particular functions
4 types of tissues
Epithelial
Nerve
Connective
Muscle
Epithelial tissues
form covering and linings
Nerve tissues
communication & coordination
Connective tissues
give organs structural framework- includes blood and the defence cells
Muscle tissues
responsible for movement
Organs
made from one or more tissues and perform specific functions
System
a group of related organs joined together to carry out a function
Homeostasis
regulation of the internal state of body such as hormones, temp or oxygen
Positive feedback
encourages physiological processes
Negative feedback
slows down a system or stop process happening
Human body’s major planes
Sagittal plane
Midsagittal plane
Parasagittal plane
Frontal/coronal plane
Sagittal plane
the imaginary flat surface that divides the body or organ to right or left
Midsagittal plane
equal division of the body or organ to right/left
Parasagittal plane
unequal division of the body or organ
Frontal/coronal plane
division of body or organ to anterior/posterior portions
Directional terms
Words describing the position of one body part relative to another
Superior
Upper part of the structure towards the head
Inferior
Lower part of the structure
Away from the head
Anterior
Nearer the front of the body
Posterior
Nearer to or at the back of the body
Medial
Nearer to the midline that divides the body into equal right and left side