Introduction-to-Phlebotomy Flashcards
Introduction-to-Phlebotomy
_________ may be scheduled to work at one
of these areas or patients from these areas may
be referred to the laboratory for sample
collection
Phlebotomists
Classification of Hospitals
o Public hospitals
o Created by law
o May be under: National Government,
LGU, DOH
Government
Classification of Hospitals
Owned, established, and operated with
funds from donation, principal,
investment, or other means by any
individual, corporation, association, or
organization
PRIVATE
equipped with the service capabilities
supporting board certified/ eligible medical
specialists in
GENERAL
May be devoted to the treatment of
the following:
-Particular illness/condition requiring a
range of treatment.
Specialty
Clinical Services for in-patients:
Consulting specialists in:
Medicine, Pediatrics, OB-GYNE,
Surgery
LEVEL 1
Clinical Services for in-patients:
▪ All services in Level 1
▪ Departmentalized Clinical
Service
LEVEL 2
Clinical Services for in-patients
▪ All services in Level 2
▪ Teaching/ Training with
accredited residency training in
all 4 major clinical services
LEVEL 3
Ancillary Services
▪ Secondary Clinical Laboratory
▪ Blood Station
▪ 1st Level X-ray
LEVEL 1
Ancillary Services
▪ Tertiary Clinical Laboratory
▪ Blood Station
LEVEL 2
Ancillary Services
▪ Tertiary Lab with Histopathology
▪ Blood Bank
LEVEL 3
Four Traditional Hospital Services
Deals directly with
patient care
NURSING SERVICES
Four Traditional Hospital Services
Ex: communications
systems, food, housekeeping
SUPPORT SERVICES
Four Traditional Hospital Services
Business Aspect
(Accounting, Admitting, Data Collection
and Health Information Management)
Fiscal Services
Four Traditional Hospital Services
Assist the
physician in the diagnosis and treatment
of disease
Professional Services
Provides data to
the healthcare team to aid in
determining the diagnosis, treatment,
and prognosis of a patient
CLINICAL LABORATORY
Consist of several primary care physicians or may
specialize in a particular medical specialty such
as pediatrics or cardiology
PHYSICIAN OFFICE LABORATORIES
Managed care group practice centers that
provide a large variety of services. Physicians’
offices, a clinical laboratory, radiology, physical
HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS (HMO)
Large, independent reference laboratories
contract with health health-care providers and
institutions to perform both routine and highly
specialized tests.
REFERENCE LABORATORIES
- They perform both routine and highly specialized
tests - Based on the mandate of department order 393
(2000)
National Reference Laboratories (NRL) in the
Philippines:
Reference Laboratories
FOR hematology and blood-banking
National Kidney Transplant Institute (NKTI)
Reference Laboratories
– for emerging diseases and microbiology
Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM)
Reference Laboratories
for clinical
chemistry (proteins, glucose, etc.)
Lung Center of the Philippines
Reference Laboratories
– for toxicology
(drug testing
East Avenue Medical Center
Reference Laboratories
for sexually transmitted infections
STD-AIDS Cooperative Central Laboratory
(SACCL)
Phlebotomists collect, label, and prepare blood,
plasma and other components for transfusions.
BLOOD DONOR CENTERS
Right to Appropriate Medical Care and Humane
Treatment
Patient’s Rights (DOH)
“Clear, truthful and substantial
explanation, in a manner and language
understandable to the patient
Right to Informed Consent
The patient has the right to demand
that all information, communication,
and records pertaining to his care be
treated as confidential…
Right to Privacy and Confidentiality
Right to be informed of the result of
the evaluation of the nature and extent
of his/her disease…”
Right to Information
“…The patient has the right to discuss his
condition with a consultant specialist, at
the patient’s request and expense…”
The Right to Choose Health Care Provider and
Facility
“…The patient has the right to avail
himself/herself of any recommended
diagnostic and treatment procedures
Right to Self-Determination
“…The patient has the right to refuse
medical treatment or procedures which
may be contrary to his religious beliefs…
Right to Religious Belief
Provided, That, an institutional review
board or ethical review board in
accordance with the guidelines set in the
Declaration of Helsinki be established for
research involving human
experimentation…”
Right to Refuse Participation in Medical
Research.
– A wrongful act committed by one person
against another that causes harm to the person
or his or her property
Tort
Intentional Tort
threat to touch
another person without his or
her consent and with the
intention of causing fear of
harm.
Assault
Intentional Tort
actual harmful
touching of a person without his
or her consent.
Battery
Intentional Tort
spoken or written
words that can injure a person’s
reputation.
Defamation
Intentional Tort
– false defamatory
writing that is published
Libel
Intentional Tort
false and malicious spoken word
SLANDER
Unintentional Tort
as failure to give reasonable care by the health
care provider, must be proven in
a malpractice suit
Negligence
Unintentional Tort
misconduct or lack of skill by a
health care professional that
results in injury to the patient
Medical Malpractice
Unintentional Tort
is the violation of the
patient’s right to be left alone and the right to be
free from unwanted exposure to public view.
Invasion of Privacy
Cytologists (CTs) process and examine
tissue and body fluids for the presence
of abnormal cells, such as cancer cells.
Cytology Section
Histology technicians (HTs) and
technologists (HTLs) process and stain
tissue from biopsies, surgery, autopsies,
and frozen sections
Histopathology/Histology Section
Chromosome studies are performed to
detect genetic disorders
Cytogenetics
Cellular elements, red blood cells (RBCs),
white blood cells WBCs), and platelets
Plts) are enumerated and classified in all
body fluids and in the bone marrow.
Hematology
Overall process of hemostasis is
evaluated this includes platelets, blood
vessels, coagulation factors
Coagulation
Most automated area in the laboratory
Clinical Chemistry
Where blood may be collected, stored,
and prepared for transfusion.
Blood Bank (Immunohematology)
Performs tests to evaluate the body’s
immune response; that is, the
production of antibodies
Serology (Immunology)
Responsible for the identification of
pathogenic microorganisms and for
hospital infection control In large
laboratories,
Microbiology
(UA) may be a separate laboratory
section or a part of the hematology or
chemistry sections
Urinalysis
A pathologist is a specialist in the study
of disease and works in both clinical
pathology and anatomical pathology
Laboratory Director (Pathologist)
Responsible for overall technical and
administrative management of the
laboratory
Laboratory Manager (Administrator) or Chief
Medical Technologist
MLS with experience and expertise
related to the particular laboratory
section or sections often have specialty
certifications on each section
Technical Supervisor or Section Head
Has a bachelor’s degree in medical
technology and 1 year of training in an
accredited medical technology / clinical
laboratory science program.
Medical Laboratory Scientist
Performs routine laboratory procedures
according to established protocol under
the supervision of a technologist,
supervisor
Medical Laboratory Technician
Collects blood from patients for
laboratory analysis.
Phlebotomist
HISTORY OF PHLEBOTOMY
“to cut a vein”
Phlebotomy
Greek “Phelb” (vein) and “tomia” (to cut
Greek “Phelb” (vein) and “tomia” (to cut
Phlebotomy was called
“Bloodletting
1163 ________ prohibited clergyman
from performing these bloodlettings
– Pope Alexander III
Correct identification and preparation of
the patient before sample collection
Traditional Duties and Responsibilities of the
Phlebotomist include
Training other health care personnel to
perform phlebotomy
Additional Duties of Phlebotomists
o Dependable, cooperative, committed
o Compassionate, courteous, respectful
Characteristics of Phlebotomists
