Introduction to Philosophy

Question 1

Is the science that by natural light of reason studies the first causes or highest principles of all things.

Answer 1

Philosophy

Question 2

It is called _ because the investigation is systematic

Answer 2

Science

Question 3

The philosopher uses his natural capacity to think or simply human reason alone or the so called unaided reason

Answer 3

Natural Ligight of Reason

Question 4

This sets the distinction between philosophy from other sciences

Answer 4

Study of all things

Question 5

A principle is that from which something proceeds in any manner whatsoever

Answer 5

First Cause or Hight Principle

Question 6

Whatever is is, and whatever is not is not; everything is what it is. Everything is it’s own being, and not being is not being

Answer 6

Principle of Identity

Question 7

It is impossible for a thing to be and not to be at the same time, and at the same respect

Answer 7

Principle of Non-Contradiction

Question 8

A thing is either or is not; everything must be either be or not be; between being and not-being, there is no middle ground possible

Answer 8

Principle of Excluded Middle

Question 9

Nothing exist without a sufficient reason for its being and existence

Answer 9

Principle of Sufficient Reason

Question 10

Limited to the ideas and outlook of a single party or a single age

Answer 10

A narrow provincialism of mind

Question 11

The Branches of Phylosophy

Answer 11

Metaphysics
Ethics
Epistemology
Logic
Aesthetic

Question 12

Deals with the first principles of things including abstract concepts such as being knowing substance, cause identity, time, and space.

Answer 12

Metaphysics

Question 13

He claims that everything we experience is water which call “reality”. Everything else is appearance when then sent out to try to explain everything else

Answer 13

Thales

Question 14

According to him “Nothing we experience in the physical world with our five senses is real”

Answer 14

Plato

Question 15

the discipline concerned with what is morally good and bad and morally right and wrong. The term is also applied to any system or theory of moral values or principles

Answer 15

Ethics

Question 16

Obey moral code

Answer 16

Religion

Question 17

The author of Lifting the Veil -problem of the Negro or Double Conciousness

Answer 17

Du Bois

Question 18

Whole expression⭕

Answer 18

Thesis

Question 19

Black soul🔺

Answer 19

Antethesis

Question 20

Blacks conciousness of freedom🔺(o)

Answer 20

Synthesis

Question 21

deals with the nature, origin, and scope of knowledge

Answer 21

Epistemology

Question 22

Specific to general

Answer 22

Induction

Question 23

General to specific

Answer 23

Deduction

Question 24

is a philosophical approach that evaluates theories or beliefs in terms of the success of their practical application. It emphasizes the usefulness and practical impact of ideas and actions over abstract principles. In essence, if a concept or action works well in practice, it is considered valid or true

Answer 24

Pragmatism

Question 25

They believe that value in use is the real test of trust

Answer 25

William James and John Dewey

Question 26

Greek word _(coined by Zeno, the stoic) refers the science of art of reasoning

Answer 26

Logike

Question 27

It is an arguments and claims need to be evaluated closely and weighed to determine whether they involve correct reasoning.

Answer 27

Logic

Question 28

Science of beauty

Answer 28

Aesthetic

Question 29

3 Great original of Philosophy in the world

Answer 29

Greek China Indian

Question 30

Greek Triumvirates

Answer 30

Plato Aristotle Socrates

Question 31

3 dimensions of Filipino Thought

Answer 31

Loob Filipino Philosophy of Time Bahala Na

Question 32

Holistic and interior kagandahang-loob, kabutihang-loob, and kalooban terms that show sharing of ones self to others

Answer 32

Loob

Question 33

Filipino time is always delayed I the committee time arrival

Answer 33

Filipino Philosophy of Time

Question 34

Subconsciously accepts. Surrender it to the all mighty

Answer 34

Bahala Na

Question 35

the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth sometimes called reincarnation

Answer 35

Samsara

Question 36

He founded phenomology- focuses on careful inspection and description of phenomena or appearances

Answer 36

Edmund Husserl

Question 37

Entities the phychologistic view and proposes to replace it with his own conception "pure logic" as prior framework

Answer 37

Logical Investigation

Question 38

German philosophy, had used the word to refer to the world of our experience

Answer 38

Immanuel Kant

Question 39

Husserls intentionality (enumerate)

Answer 39

Intentional Acts of Consciousness Intentional Objects of Consciousness Intentional Content of Consciousness

Question 40

First and best known is the _ or suspension that he describes in ideas: "General Introduction to Pure Phenomenology"

Answer 40

Epoche Reduction

Question 41

Eliminates the merely empirical contents of consciousness and focuses instead on the essential

Answer 41

Ederic Reduction

Question 42

hold that humans have no pregiven purpose or essence laid out for them by God or by nature; it is up to each one of us to decide who and what we are through our own actions

Answer 42

Existentialism

Question 43

Danish Philosopher insisted that the authentic self was the personally chosen self

Answer 43

Kierkegaard

Question 44

A French philosopher emphasizes the importance of free individual choice

Answer 44

John-Paul Sartre

Question 45

Spiritual nature of true self

Answer 45

St. Augustino

Question 46

a term that refers to a self- conscious cultural movement that reacted against the principles and ideals of the modernist movements in literature, art, architecture, film, philosophy, etc.

Answer 46

Postmoderism

Question 47

also called linguistic philosophy means the common experience and ordinary language to analyse concepts and language in philosophy.

Answer 47

Analytic Tradition

Question 48

Analysis and constructive of arguments

Answer 48

Logic

Question 49

Distinguish facts and opinions or personal feelings

Answer 49

Critical thinking

Question 50

common errors in reasoning that will undermine the logic of your argument

Answer 50

Fallicies

Question 51

a German Philosopher, argues that our tastes and judgements regarding beauty, work in connection with one’s own personal experience and culture.

Answer 51

Hans-Georg Gadamer

Question 52

interiority manifests itself in freedom. Loob puts one in touch with his fellow beings. Great Philippine values, in fact, are essentially interpersonal; the values of loyalty, hospitality, pakikisama (camaraderie, conformism), and respect to authority;

Answer 52

Mercado (1992)

Question 53

appealing to a person’s unfortunate circumstances or exploiting/targeting the listener’s emotions to gain sympathy

Answer 53

Appeal to Pity (Argumentum ad Misericordiam)-

Question 54

argument that offers lack of evidence as if it were evidence to the contrary; “Because there is no evidence saying otherwise or against mine, I stand correct.”

Answer 54

Appeal to Ignorance (Argumentum ad Ignorantiam)-

Question 55

use of the same word/s in different contexts but mean different things; vagueness of words

Answer 55

Equivocation-

Question 56

assuming that what is true for the individual parts is true for the whole (specific to general)

Answer 56

Composition-

Question 57

assuming that what is true for the whole is applicable to the parts/individual members (general to specific)

Answer 57

Division-

Question 58

irrelevantly attacking the person or an aspect of his/her instead of addressing the argument itself; taking it personally

Answer 58

Against the Person (Argumentum ad Hominem)-

Question 59

arguer appeals to violence or the threat of force to make someone accept a conclusion; rational argument is thrown out the window

Answer 59

Appeal to Force (Argumentum ad Baculum)

Question 60

claiming that something is true simply because it is what a large number of people believe; appeal to common belief/bandwagoning

Answer 60

Appeal to People (Argumentum ad Populum)-

Question 61

assumption that a relation exists between two things/events when either such relationship does not exist or evidence supporting it is insufficient; “Because Situation A happened, it resulted in Situation B”

Answer 61

False Cause (Post Hoc)

Question 62

jumping into conclusions without enough evidence to back it up; leads to unjustified/inaccurate generalizations

Answer 62

Hasty Generalization

Question 63

conclusion is assumed to be in one of the premises; circular reasoning e.g. “Women are always right because men are always wrong.”

Answer 63

Begging the Question (Petitio Principii)

Question 64

aims to inform/state a fact as is

Answer 64

Cognitive Meaning

Question 65

amplifying the emotions so the reason gets overlooked

Answer 65

Emotive Meaning-

Question 66

Ways of Informing People

Answer 66

Cognitive Meaning Emotive Meaning-

Question 67

essential goodness of natural self in contrast to the “corruption” imposed by society

Answer 67

JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU

Question 68

refers to a method owing a great deal to the pioneers— Bertrand Russell, G.E. Moore, Wittgenstein, and J.L. Austin

Answer 68

Analysis