Introduction to Pharmacology

Question 1

It is the use of drugs to diagnose, prevent or treat disease.

Answer 1

Pharmacotherapeutics

Question 2

6 Properties of an Ideal Drug

Answer 2

S = Safety
P = Predictability
E = Effectiveness
E = Ease of Administration
R = Reversible Action
S = Selectivity

Question 3

What are the 5 most important rights to medication administration?

Answer 3

1. Right Patient
2. Right Route
3. Right Time
4. Right Drug
5. Right Dose

Question 4

It is the official name of a drug and is not owned by any company.

Answer 4

Generic Name

Question 5

It is one of the ethical considerations that we nurses must take into play to protect research subjects from harm.

Answer 5

Beneficience

Question 6

It is the drugs that consumers can buy over the counter without prescriptions from the healthcare team or doctors.

Answer 6

Over the Counter Drugs (OTC)

Question 7

It stands for pro re nata which means “as needed” and nurses should have critical thinking regarding when to give the drug and in some cases, how much to give.

Answer 7

PRN medication

Question 8

Give 3 tips on how to increase patient adherence which is defined as the extent to which a patient’s behavior coincides with medical advice.

Answer 8

1. Health teaching/ Health Education
2. Minimizing treatment costs by providing generic drugs to patients
3. Ensuring access to providers across the continuum of care with short-term treatment goals

Question 9

4 Processes Involves in Pharmacokinetics

Answer 9

1. Absorption
2. Distribution
3. Metabolism
4. Excretion

Question 10

Which is the fastest route in absorbing medication?

Answer 10

IV or Intravenous

Question 11

In this route for absorbing barriers, the medication must pass through the layer of epithelial cells that line the GI (gastrointestinal) tract.

Answer 11

Oral Route

Question 12

It is one of the principles of pharmacology that takes the study of the movement of the drug throughout the body.

Answer 12

Pharmacokinetics

Question 13

What is the difference between Enteral and Parenteral administration?

Answer 13

Enteral is through G.I. (gastrointestinal) tract while the Parenteral is injected into blood or body tissues.

Question 14

It is the transmission of medications from the location of administration to the bloodstream.

Answer 14

Absorption

Question 15

Which is the faster route? Subcutaneous or Intramuscular.

Answer 15

Intramuscular because the muscle tissue has a greater blood supply than the fatty layer in which the subcutaneous is administered.

Question 16

Which organ occurs the first pass effect?

Answer 16

Liver as it metabolizes drugs to an inactive form and is excreted

Question 17

It is where our body must metabolize the drug first before it will become activated.

Answer 17

Prodrug

Question 18

It is giving a large initial dose so a therapeutic effect is achieved while a steady state is reached.

Answer 18

Loading Dose

Question 19

What is the laboratory test that will check kidney function?

Answer 19

BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and Creatinine

Question 20

What is the laboratory test that will check liver function?

Answer 20

ALT (alanine transaminase) and AST (aspartate aminotransferase)