Introduction to Organic Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Define general formula

A

An algebraic formula that can describe any number of a family of compounds

e.g. CnH2n+1OH (alcohols)

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2
Q

Define empirical formula

A

The simplest ratio of atoms of each element in a compound

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3
Q

Define molecular formula

A

the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule

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4
Q

Define skeletal formula

A

shows the bonds of the carbon skeleton only

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5
Q

Define displayed formula

A

shows how all the atoms are arranged and all of the bonds between them

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6
Q

A __________ series is a group of compounds that contain the same functional group

A

homologous

check page 136/137

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7
Q

Look at page 138/139

A
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8
Q

Isomers have the same ______ formula

A

molecular

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9
Q

what are the different types of structural isomers?

A

Chain isomers : different arrangements of the carbon skeleton

Positional isomers: same skeleton and same atoms attached but the atom/ group is attached to a different carbon atom

Functional group isomers: Same atoms arranged into different functional groups

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10
Q

Stereoisomers have different arrangements in _____

A

space

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11
Q

Double bonds cannot rotate, why?

A

rigid and have restricted rotation due to E/Z isomerism
planar

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12
Q

Z isomer ?

A

has the same groups both above/below the double bond

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13
Q

E isomer ?

A

has the same groups positioned opposite sides of double bond

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14
Q

use ______ to decide which groups go where in E/Z isomers if groups are different

A

priority

higher atomic number = higher priority

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