Introduction to Organic Chemistry Flashcards
What’s catenation
The tendency of identical atoms to form covalent bonds with each other and hence form chains
What’s the name for “The tendency of identical atoms to form covalent bonds with each other and hence form chains”?
Catenation
What are the 2 factors that the physical & chemical properties of organic compounds depend on?
- The number and arrangement of carbon atoms in the molecule
- The functional groups in the molecule
The greater the number of carbon atoms…
…the larger the Van der Waal’s forces and the higher the melting point, boiling point and level of viscosity
What’s a homologous series?
A series of organic compounds which have the same functional group, but in which the formula of each successive member increases by -CH2
What’s the name for ‘a series of organic compounds which have the same functional group, but in which the formula of each successive member increases by -CH2’?
Homologous Series
Explain the 2 different bonds in double bonds
In double bonds, the first bond involves an overlap of atomic orbitals directly in between the nuclei of the two atoms. This is known as a σ-bond (sigma bond). The second bond, however, cannot bond in the same place. Instead, two p-orbitals overlap above and below the inter-nuclear axis. This is known as a π-bond (pi bond). All double covalent bonds consist of one σ-bond and one π-bond.
All single bonds are which type of bond?
σ-bond (sigma bond)
How do you show geometric isomerism in the nomenclature of an alkene?
Simply put either a E or Z (depending on which one it is) before the molecule’s name
Give the skeletal formula of the organic product formed when compound J, with the structural formula CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH2OH, is dehydrated using concentrated sulfuric acid
Answer should be 5 line skeleton with another line (to represent double bond) on first and third line
