Introduction to Nursing Theories Flashcards
She began the history of professional nursing
Florence Nightingale
What are the 5 nursing eras?
- Curriculum Era
- Research Era
- Graduate Education Era
- Theory Era
- Theory Utilization Era
It was during _____ that Nightingale recognized the unique focus of nursing and declared nursing knowledge as distinct from medical knowledge.
Mid 1800s
Nursing practice was based on _____ and ______ that were handed down through an apprenticeship model of education and individual hospital procedure manuals.
Principles
Traditions
______ reflected its vocational heritage more than its professional vision.
Nursing practice
This era emphasized course selection and content for nursing programs and gave way to the research era.
Curriculum Era
The idea of moving nursing education from hospital-based diploma programs into colleges and universities began to emerge during this era.
Curriculum Era
In this era, research was the path to new nursing knowledge
Research Emphasis Era
Or
Research Era
In this era, nurses began to participate in research and research courses were included in nursing curricula
Research Emphasis Era
Or
Research Era
Research era and _________ developed in tandem.
Graduate Education Era
In this era, the master’s degree programs in nursing emerged across the country to meet the public need for nurses for specialized clinical nursing practice.
Graduate Education Era
During this era, nursing theory and nursing conceptual models were included as courses in the study of nursing.
Graduate Education Era
The development of nursing knowledge was a major force at this era.
Graduate Education Era
In what year were the debates and discussion regarding the proper direction and appropriate discipline for nursing knowledge development?
1960’s
In what year did nursing continued to make transition from vocation to profession?
1970’s
This era was a natural outgrowth of the research and graduate education eras.
Theory Era
In this era, it became obvious that research without conceptual and theoretical frameworks produced isolated information and understanding both research and theory were required to produce nursing science
Theory Era
This era accelerated as early works developed as frameworks for curricula and advance practice guides began to be recognized as theory.
Theory Era
In what year was a period of major developments in nursing theory that has been characterized as a transition from the preparadigm to the paradigm period in nursing
1980’s
Who did the four global nursing concepts?
Jacquelin Fawcett
This nursing metaparadigm served as an organizing structure for existing nursing frameworks and introduced a away of organizing individual theoretical works in a meaningful structure.
Four global nursing concept
Classifying the nursing models as paradigms within metaparadigm concepts of ____, _______,_____,and ______, systematically united nursing theoretical works for the discipline
Person
Environment
Health
Nursing
The accomplishments of normal science accompanied in this era as emphasis shifted to theory application in nursing practice, education, research, and administration.
Theory Utilization Era
In this era, middle-range theory and the value of a nursing framework for thought and action in nursing practice was realized
Theory Utilization Era
Year for Curriculum Era
1900-1940s
Year for Research Era
1950-1970s
Year for Graduate Education Era
1950-1970s
Year for Theory Era
1980-1990s
Year for Theory Utilization Era
21st century
What are the purposes of nursing theory?
- it guides nursing practice and generates knowledge
- it helps to describe or explain nursing
- to differentiate nursing from other disciplines
Nursing theoretical works represents the most comprehensive ideas and systematic knowledge about nursing; therefore theory is vital to both the ____ and the ____.
Discipline
Profession
It refers to the specialized field of practice, which is founded upon the theoretical structure of the science or knowledge of that discipline and the accompanying practice abilities.
Profession
____ is specific to academia and a branch of education, a department of learning or field of knowledge.
Discipline
- University baccalaureate programs proliferated, masters programs in nursing were developed, and the curricula began to be standardized through the accreditation process.
- Attention to the importance of nursing conceptualizations for the research process and the role of a conceptual framework in the purpose and design of research production of science and nursing theoretical works also began to publish.
- Works began to be recognize for their theoretical nature, such as Henderson, Nightingale and etc.
Significance of Theory for Nursing as A Discipline
THE DISCIPLINE IS DEPENDENT UPON THEORY Nursing Theory - explain - describes - predicts - prescribes
⬇️⬇️⬇️
Nursing Care
Clearly, nursing is recognized as a ____ today
Profession
Bixler and Bixler published a set of criteria tailored to nursing in the ___________ in 1959.
American Journal of Nursing
Utilizes in its practice a well-defined and well-organized body of specialized knowledge that is on the intellectual level of the higher learning
Nursing as a Profession
Constantly enlarges the body of knowledge it uses and improves its techniques of education and service by the use of the scientific method.
Nursing as a Profession
Entrusts the education of its practitioners to institution of higher education.
Nursing as a Profession
Applies its body of knowledge in practical services that are vital to human and social welfare.
Nursing as a Profession
Functions autonomously in the formulation of professional policy and in the control of professional activity thereby
Nursing as a Profession
Attracts individuals of intellectual and personal qualities who exalt service above personal gain and who recognizes their chosen occupation as a life work.
Nursing as a Profession
Strives to compensate its practitioners by providing freedom of action, opportunity for continuous professional growth and economic security.
Nursing as a Profession
