Introduction to microbiology chapter 1 LECTURE 1 Flashcards
what is Microbia?
Microscopic organisms
Microbes are Microscopic organisms that exist as either ______________,________________, or multicellular relatively complex organisms.
1) Unicellular 2) cell clusters
Malaria is caused by ________________
protozoa
helminthes is a ________________, ( eggs are _____________)
1) parasitic worm ( can find in Poop and Anus ) 2)microscopic
Microbes are everywhere ( ___________ ), we have __X microbial cells than ____________
1) Ubiquitous 2)10 3) Human cells
Aseptic technique means _____________________
Without contamination
A lot of ____________ comes from microbes.
Antibiotics ( and medicine)
” Cold temperature stops microbial growth “ is not necessarily true because _____________ is found in Ice-Cream.
Listeria
GOOD SIDES OF BACTERIA List some of the stuff is used in?
1) Bread 2) cheese 3) Wine & Alcohol in general 4) Vinegar 5) MEDICINE 4) ANTIBIOTICS
Majority of human diseases is caused by ______________
Bacteria
_________________ causes diseases such as plague, tuberculosis and anthrax.
Pathogenic Bacteria “ can be deadly (NOTE not all bacteria are pathogenic)
Biofilms are Microbial communities that are _____________ to ______________.
1) difficult 2) destroy
septicemia is found in __________
blood ( very popular in the united states )
Microbes entire life cycle can be ______________ or just some stages. Example is _____________?
1) Microscopic 2)Helminths
what are the 6 major types of Microbes?
1) Bacteria 2)Archaea 3)Fungi 4)Protozoa 5)Algae ( not disease causing ) 6)Viruses
DISEASES CHART
NOTE that some popular disease common in the unites states in not worldwide and vise versa
_______________ is a major distinguishing feature of bacteria. It’s a polymer of ___________ and ___________.
1) Peptidoglycan
2) Glycan
3) Peptides
Bacteria
how many cells? •____________
what kind of cells is it? •_________________
cell wall is made of? •_______________
Reproduction = __________
is it motile? ______________
oxygen response VARY
1) Unicellular
2) Prokaryotic (no nucleus)
3) Peptidoglycan cell wall usually
4) Binary fission ( makes 2 copies)
5) Maybe only if it has FLAGELLA
what are the shapes of BACTERIA?
1) Cocci - A round Bacteria (spherical)
2) Bacilli - Rod shaped
3) Vibrias - like a rod but curved
4) Spirille - spiral shaped
5) Spirochaetes - very curly
Two Cocci bacteria stuck together are called _____________,
if it’s a whole chain then it’s called a ________________, if you have four it’s called ______________, four together that shapes a square is called ______________. A cluster ( group ) with no defined shape is known as _____________.
1) Diplococci
2) streptococci
3) Tetrad
4) Sacrina
5) staphylococci
Prokaryotic means that cell has _____________, meaning No MEMBRANE bound but it has a chain of ______________
1) No nucleus
2) DNA and RNA and RIBOSOMES ( protein Synthesis )
Archaea (Everywhere)
how many cells? •____________
cell wall is made of? •__________________
what kind of cells is it? •____________
where does it live? •_______________
1) Unicellular
2) Lack peptidoglycan cell wall
3) Prokaryotic
4) Extreme environments
Archaea Absorbs sunlight using a protein called _____________, in which reacts with light and gives you _________.
1) Bacteriorhodopsin
2) ATP
Fungi
what kind of cells is it? •____________
how many cells? •____________
cell wall is made of? •__________________
what diseases does it cause? •_______________
1) Eukaryotic
2) Multicellular (mushrooms, molds) or unicellular (yeasts)
3) Chitin cell wall
4) Ringworms, candidias
Protozoa
what kind of cells is it? •____________
how many cells? •____________
cell wall is made of? •__________________
how is it classified ? •_______________
1) Eukaryotic
2) Unicellular
3) Cellulose
•Traditionally classified based on mode of locomotion
Protozans are known to cause malaria, sleepings sickness and _______________. Divided based on mode of Locomtion
. flagellates produce their own food
. ciliates have tiny hair to _____________
. Amoeboids have _____________
. sporozons Non motile
1) toxaplasmosis
2) produce movement
3) false feet
Algae
what kind of cell? _____________
found in ________________
1) eukaryotic
2) Aquatic environment
Virsuses
. NON living
Can not reproduce by itself so it has? . ____________
It is surrounded by? . ________________
what does it require inorder to reproduce? ____________
Viruses tend to mutate __________
CAUSES: INFLUENZA , ___________, AIDS
1) Nucleic Acid ( DNA or RNA )
2) Protein coat
3) a host cell
4) rapidly
5) YELLOW FEVER
Helminths
what kind of cell? • ___________
•Parasitic worms
•Eggs are usually ____________ and used in ID
1) Eukaryotic
2) microscopic
