Introduction to Leadership Flashcards
4 Views of leadership and management
- leadership is broader than management
- leadership and management cannot be differentiated
- leadership is one of many roles of a manager
- leadership and management are sharply differentiated by the extent of calling people leaders and managers
Balanced View
Managing , leading are distinct processes but not necessarily different people.Success as a manager involves leading.
Change Linkage (Kotter 1990)
Management produces orderly results which keeps things working effectively. Leadership creates useful change. We need both to prosper.
Managers: Planning and budgeting: establishing timetables and allocating resources
Leaders: Establishing direction: developing a vision and strategy
Managers: Organising and staffing: establishing structure and procedures, monitoring implementation
Leaders: Aligning people: communicating direction, vision and strategy
Managers: Controlling and problem solving: monitoring results, identifying deviations
Leaders: Motivating and inspiring: satisfying basic human needs
Motivation
the psychological forces that determine the direction of a person’s behaviour in an organization, a person’s level of effort and persistence.
Motivation (short)
the driving force by which humans achieve their goals
Extrinsic behaviour
motivated by some external reward (avoidance of punishment)
Instrinsic behaviour
motivated by its own sake to contribute to the well being of the individual (pride, skill development, experience)
Expectancy Theory (Vroom 1964)
motivation is high when people expect their efforts will result in positive outcomes
Goal setting theory
people are motivated by goals so leaders should set achievable, challenging goals
Needs based theories
motivation high when effort results in fullfilment of needs
