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A+ IT Essentials Notes > Introduction to Lab Procedures and Tool Use > Flashcards

Introduction to Lab Procedures and Tool Use Flashcards

1
Q

What is the acronym PASS during a fire

A

P- pull the pin.
A- aim at the base of the fire.
S- squeeze the lever
S- sweep the nozzle from side to side

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2
Q

ESD

A

Electrostatic Discharge can occur when there is a buildup of electric charge (static electricity) that exists on a surface which comes in contact with another differently charged surface. 3, 000 volts of static electricity must build up before a person can feel ESD. less than 30 volts of static electricity can damage a computer component. Very low humidity levels can increase chances of ESD.

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3
Q

EMI

A

Electromagnetic Interference is the intrusion of outside electromagnetic signals in a transmission media, such as copper cabling. EMI distorts the signals so that the receiving devices have difficulty interpreting them. Sources of EMI: 1) any source designed to generate electromagnetic energy. 2) man-made sources like power lines or motors. 3) natural events such as electrical storms, or solar and interstellar radiations.

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4
Q

RFI

A

Wireless networks are affected by radio frequency interference (RFI). RFI is caused by radio transmitters and other devices transmitting in the same frequency.

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5
Q

Blackout in AC Power

A

Complete loss of AC power.

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6
Q

Brownout in AC power

A

Reduced voltage level of AC power that lasts for a period of time. This happens when power line voltage levels drop below 80% below normal voltage level and when circuits are overloaded.

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7
Q

Noise in AC power

A

Interference from generators and lightning. Noise results in poor quality power, which can cause errors in computer systems.

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8
Q

Spike in AC power

A

sudden increase in voltage that lasts for a short period and exceeds 100% of the normal voltage on a line. Caused by lightning strikes, but can also occur when the electrical system comes back on after a blackout

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9
Q

Power Surge in AC power

A

Dramatic increase in voltage above the normal flow of electrical current. A power surge lasts for a few nanoseconds, or one-billionth of a second.

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10
Q

Explain Surge Suppressor Facts

A

Helps protect against damage from surges and spikes.

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11
Q

Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)

A

Helps protect against potential electrical power problems by supplying a consistent level of electrical power to a computer or other device. Many UPS devices can communicate directly with OS. This allows the UPS to safely shut down the computer and save data prior to the UPS losing all battery power. Do not plug in laser printer because the printer could overload the UPS

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12
Q

Standby Power Supply (SPS)

A

Helps protect against potential electrical power problems by providing backup battery to supply power when the incoming voltage drops below the normal level. Battery stays on standby during normal operation. When voltage decreases the battery provides DC power to a power inverter. Not as reliable as UPS, because if switching device fails the battery cannot supply power to the computer.

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13
Q

SDS

A

also known as the Safety Data Sheet. It summarizes information about material identification, including hazardous ingredients that can affect personal health, fire hazards, and first-aid requirements. Contains chemical reactivity and incompatibility information.

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14
Q

Should you use refilled inkjet cartridges for an inkjet printer?

A

It is not recommended, because the ink might leak into the printer, causing irreparable damage. The refilled inkjet cartridges might also void the inkjet printer warranty.

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15
Q

Antistatic wrist strap

A

is used to prevent ESD damage to computer equipment.

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16
Q

Antistatic mat

A

used to stand on or to place hardware on to prevent static electricity from building up.

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17
Q

Flat head screwdriver

A

used for slotted screws

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18
Q

Philips head screwdriver

A

used for cross-head screws

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19
Q

Torx screwdriver

A

used for star topped screws found on laptops

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20
Q

Hex driver/Nut Driver

A

used for nuts in the same way that a screw driver tightens/loosens screws.

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21
Q

Punch down tool

A

used to terminate wire into termination blocks

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22
Q

What should you use to clean a computer screen?

A

Soft, lint-free cloth

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23
Q

What is compressed air used for?

A

used to blow dust and debris away from computer parts without touching components

24
Q

What does a Digital Multimeter do?

A

Used to test the integrity of circuits and quality of electricity in computer components

25
Q

Why use a loopback adapter?

A

used to test the basic functionality of computer ports

26
Q

Why should you use a tone generator and probe?

A

The toner part is connected to a cable at one end using specific adapters. The toner generates a tone that travels the length of the cable. The probe traces the cable, by being in close proximity to the cable that is attached to the toner.

27
Q

WiFi Analyzer

A

A Fluke WiFi analyzer is a mobile tool for auditing and troubleshooting wireless networks.

28
Q

Disk Management

A

Initializes disks, creates partitions, and formats partitions

29
Q

Explain what Format does.

A

Prepares a hard drive to store information

30
Q

What is Scandisk or CHKDSK

A

checks the integrity of files and folders on a hard drive by scanning the files system.

31
Q

Explain what Optimize Drives does.

A

previously known as Defrag, optimizes space on a hard drive to allow faster access to programs and data

32
Q

What is the purpose of Disk Cleanup?

A

Clears space on a hard drive by searching for files that can be safely deleted

33
Q

What does System File Checker (SFC) do?

A

Scans the OS’s critical files and replaces files that are corrupt. Windows 8 boot disk repairs Windows system files, restores damaged or lost files, and reinstalls the OS.

34
Q

What does Windows Action Center do?

A

Checks the status of essential security settings. Continuously checks software firewall and antivirus programs are running and also ensures that updates download and install automatically.

35
Q

What does Windows Defender do?

A

Protects against Viruses and Spyware

36
Q

What does Windows Firewall do?

A

Runs continuously to protect against unauthorized communications to and from your computer

37
Q

How to install a CPU

A

1) Verify socket compatibility.
2) Line up notches of the CPU with notches on motherboard and place the CPU in the CPU socket.
3) Close the latch plate.
4) Close the load lever
5) Secure the load lever under the retention tab.
6) apply the thermal compound.
7) install the heat sink and fan assembly.

38
Q

what are standoffs used for?

A

used to keep the PCB motherboard from touching any metal parts on the computer chassis

39
Q

What are 5.25in bay’s used for on a computer case?

A

used for optical drives.

40
Q

What are 3.5in bay’s used for?

A

used for 3.5in HDDs, Additional USB ports or smart card readers.

41
Q

What are 2.5in bay’s used for?

A

Intended for 2.5in HDDs or SSDs. Becoming increasingly popular in newer cases.

42
Q

If you get 2 beeps in the BIOS Beep code what could it be?

A

Memory parity error and could be caused by bad memory.

43
Q

If you get 1 beep in the BIOS beep code what could it be?

A

No video, memory refresh failure and it can be caused by bad memory.

44
Q

If you get 3 beeps in the BIOS beep code what could it be?

A

Base 64 mem failure, bad memory might be the cause of it.

45
Q

If you get 5 beeps in the BIOS beep code what could it be?

A

Processor error and could be a bad processor.

46
Q

If you get 4 beeps in the BIOS beep code what could it be?

A

Timer not operational, and it could be caused by bad motherboard.

47
Q

If you get 6 beeps in the BIOS beep code what could it be?

A

8042 Gate A20 failure, caused by a bad CPU or Motherboard

48
Q

If you get 7 beeps in the BIOS beep code what could it be?

A

Processor exception, and caused by a bad processor

49
Q

If you get 8 beeps in the BIOS beep code what could it be?

A

Video memory error, and caused by bad video card or memory

50
Q

If you get 9 beeps in the BIOS beep code what could it be?

A

ROM checksum error, and caused by a bad BIOS

51
Q

If you get 10 beeps in the BIOS beep code what could it be?

A

CMOS checksum error, and caused by a bad Motherboard

52
Q

If you get 11 beeps in the BIOS beep code what could it be?

A

Cache memory bad, and caused by a bad CPU or motherboard.

53
Q

Is the following true or false?All motherboards need BIOS to operate. BIOS is a ROM chip on the motherboard that contains a small program. The program controls the communication between the OS and the hardware

A

This is TRUE.

54
Q

How do you check if the BIOS beep codes work on your motherboard?

A

Take out all the RAM in your system and then boot up the computer. The computer should give a beep code for the missing RAM. This will not harm your computer.

55
Q

What would the problem be if a workers computer is showing the incorrect date and time?

A

The CMOS battery is bad or getting very low.

56
Q

Why would a technician use BIOS for troubleshooting?

A

to learn which components are installed in the computer, some of their attributes and what is not working properly. It can also be used to determine upgrade options

57
Q

True or False? The BIOS has security functions that include BIOS passwords that allow a supervisor, user access and drive encryption?

A+ IT Essentials Notes (6 decks)

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