Introduction To Inheritance

Question 1

How do mutations occur?

Answer 1

When DNA synthase puts in an incorrect Base which results in a mutation in the dna sequence changing the shape.

Question 2

How are Base DNA pairs held together?

Answer 2

Hydrogen bonds
A-T have 2
C-G have 3

Question 3

What do complicated organisms require in relation to mutations?

Answer 3

A higher fidelity rate

Question 4

Which agents can cause mutations with examples?

Answer 4

Physical: Any ionising radiation: uv rays, gamma rays, x rays
Chemical: tobacco smoke, reactive oxygen, any carcinogens
Biological: some viruses, food contaminants

Question 5

Define chromosome mutation: deletion

Answer 5

Part of a chromosome containing genes and regulatory sequences lost

Question 6

Define chromosome mutation: inversion

Answer 6

A section of dna breaks off and rotates and reattaches.

Some may be too far away from their regulatory nucleotide sequences to be properly expressed

Question 7

Define chromosome mutation: Translocation

Answer 7

Piece of dna is broken off and attached somewhere else

This may also interfere with regulation of the genes in the translocated chromosome.

Question 8

Define chromosome mutation: duplication

Answer 8

Piece of chromosome maybe be duplicated.

Question 8

Define chromosome mutation: duplication

Answer 8

Piece of chromosome maybe be duplicated.