Introduction to Infectious diseases

Question 1

What bacterias are encapsulated?

Answer 1

• Escherichia Coli
• Streptococcus Pneumoniae
• Salmonella spp.
• Klebsiella pneumoniae
• Haemophilus influenzae
• Pseudomonas aerginosa
• Neisseria mengitidis
• Cryptococcus neoformans (yeast)

“Even Some Super Killers Have Pretty Nice Capsules”

Question 2

What are the Nine (9) important “classes” of Bacterial Pathogens?

Answer 2

1. Streptococci: Group A strep (pyogenes), viridans,
2. Streptococcus Pneumoniae
3. Enterococcus (e.g. faecalis)
4. Staphylococcus aureus
5. Atypical bacteria: Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Legionella
6. Haemophilus influenzae
7. Gram-negative bacilli: E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus
8. Pseudonomas aerginosa
9. Anaerobes: Bacteroides, Clostridia, Prevotella

Question 3

How are anaerobes usually categorized?

Answer 3

• Above diaphragm (Peptostreptococcus spp., Actinomyces spp., Fusobacterium)
• Below diaphragm (Bacteroides fragilis**, Lactobacillus, Clostridium)

Associated Upper/Lower GI Tract, vaginal colonizers, intraabdominal infection, aspiration pneumonia, endometritis, PID, diabetic lower extremity infections, dental caries, head and neck