Introduction to Immunoematolgy & Genetics Flashcards
Differentiate between homozygous and heterozygous
Homo: two of the same allele
Hetero: two different allele
Differentiate between phenotype and genotype
Pheno: Displayed/observed trait
Geno: What the genetic makeup is
Differentiate between public and private antigen
Public: high frequency
Private: Low frequency (like in one family only)
Differentiate between dominate, recessive and codominate
Dominate: Trait seen anytime gene is present
Recessive: Have to have same both genes to be present
Codominate: Equal expression of both
Differentiate between cis and trans position
Cis: Same chromosome
Trans: Homologous chromosomes
How does an individual acquire blood group genes according to Mendel?
Each parent contributes half of the inheritance
What is the pattern of inheritance most blood group systems follow?
Codominant
Review how to calculate Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Review
What are the 4 inheritance patters?
Autosomal Dominant
Autosomal Recessive
X-linked Dominant (Codominant)
X-linked Recessive
Differentiate between Direct and Indirect parental exclusion.
Direct: Neither mom/dad express a gene that the offspring does
Indirect: gene should be expressed but is not in the child
What does anti-K react most strongly with?
Red cell with KK genotype
If the frequency of gene Y is .4 and the frequency of gene z is .5, one would expect they should occur together .2(20%) of the time. In actuality, they are found together 32% of the time. What is this an example of?
Linkage disequilibrium
What is a gene that produces no detectable product?
amorph
What are alternate forms of a gene that can occur at a single chromosome?
alleles
What is the expression of most blood groups?
Codominant
What is important in selecting a trait as a gene marker?
regular interaction with other genes that alter its expression
A gene found only in a few individuals, usually in a particular family is referred to as a what?
A private gene
A gene that can inhibit the expression of another gene is what?
a Suppressor gene
A gene that is inherited in a cis position to another gene is on the _______ chromosome
Same
When a man possess a phenotype trait that he passes to all of his daughters and none of his sons, the trait is…..
X-linked dominant
When a woman possess a phenotype that she passes to all of her sons and none of her daughters, the trait is
Autosomal dominant
84% are pH positive,. Determine the % of your class that is hetero for Rh
q^2 = .16, q=.4, p=.6 Hetero = 48%
Tor F: An individual who is group A cannot produce a child who is group B
False
T of F: A standard nomenclature used uniformly for all blood groups exists
False
T or F: Genes located on far apart on the chromosome are more likely to cross over, resulting in changed genetic information
True
T or F: In a direct exclusion, the child has failed to inherit a gene that should have been passed by the alleged father
False
T or F: Some genes can inhibit the expression of other genes
True
