Introduction to Hypothesis-Testing

Question 1

a statistical method that uses sample data to evaluate hypothesis about a population

Answer 1

hypothesis-testing

Question 2

prediction, often based on informal observation, previous research, or theory, that is tested in a research study

Answer 2

hypothesis

Question 3

set of principles that attempt to explain one or more facts, relationships, or events

Answer 3

theory

Question 4

hypothesis testing process

Answer 4

1. State the Hypothesis.
2. Set the Criteria for a Decision.
3. Determine the Characteristics of
   the Comparison Distribution and the Cutoff Sample Score.
4. Collect data and compute sample statistics.
5. Make a Decision.

Question 5

distribution used in hypothesis testing which represents the population situation if the null hypothesis is true

Answer 5

comparison distribution

Question 6

states that, in the general population, there is no change, no difference, or no relationship

Answer 6

Null Hypothesis

Question 7

also known as the research hypothesis, states that there is a change, a difference, or a relationship for the general population

Answer 7

Alternative Hypothesis

Question 8

also known as alpha level, is a probability value that is used to define the concept of “very unlikely” in a hypothesis test

Answer 8

Level of Significance (α)

Question 9

also known as critical value, is a point in hypothesis- testing, on the comparison distribution, at which, if reached or exceeded by the sample score, you reject the H0

Answer 9

Cutoff Sample Score

Question 10

composed of the extreme sample scores/values that are very unlikely to be obtained if the null hypothesis is true

Answer 10

Critical Region

Question 11

a result is said to be significant or statistically significant if it is very unlikely to occur when the null hypothesis is true

Answer 11

Statistical Significance

Question 12

research hypothesis predicting a particular direction of difference between populations

Answer 12

Directional Hypothesis

Question 13

is a situation in which the region of the comparison distribution in which the H0 would be rejected is all on one side (tail) of the distribution

Answer 13

One-tailed Test

Question 14

research hypothesis that does not predict a particular direction of difference between the population

Answer 14

Nondirectional Hypothesis

Question 15

situation in which the region of the comparison distribution in the Ho would be rejected is divided in two sides (tails) of the distribution.

Answer 15

Two-tailed Test