introduction to genetics U of Jeddah

Question 1

scientific study of Heredity

Answer 1

Genetics:

Question 2

transmission of traits from generation to generation.

Answer 2

Heredity:

Question 3

pathway of the genetic traits and their expression
from one to another generation.

Answer 3

Inheritance:

Question 4

sequences of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that are passed
from parents to their offspring, making them the basic units of
heredity.

Answer 4

Genes

Question 5

The study of human genes and biological variants, and their
inheritance in generations.

Answer 5

Human genetics:

Question 6

The study of the DNA structure and function (at a
molecular level)

Answer 6

Molecular genetics:

Question 7

The study of chromosomal structure and the changes associated
with chromosomal disorders.

Answer 7

Cytogenetics

Question 8

The application of genetic principles to medical practice
including diagnosis and treatment

Answer 8

Medical genetics:

Question 9

The study of genetic or hereditary disorders and the
chance that they are passed on to future generations

Answer 9

Genetic counselling:

Question 10

The study of genetic composition in population

Answer 10

Population genetics:

Question 11

totality of an organism’s DNA.

Answer 11

genome

Question 12

fundamental unit of heredity.

Answer 12

gene

Question 13

Polymorphisms that result from
variation at a single nucleotide.

Answer 13

single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)

Question 14

cell other than those of the gamete-forming germline. In
humans, most them are diploid.

Answer 14

somatic cell

Question 15

The 22 pairs of chromosomes in the body cells

Answer 15

autosomes

Question 16

Structural and numerical abnormalities
Such as down syndrome

Answer 16

Chromosome abnormalities

Question 17

Such as diabetes millituse, hypertension and Alzheimer diseases

Answer 17

Multifactorial/Polygenic inheritance

Question 18

Example: cancer

Answer 18

Acquired somatic diseases

Question 19

electronic Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) contained more than 23,600

Answer 19

Single gene disorders

Question 20

genetics variations is as result of….

Answer 20

sexual reproductions

Question 21

Parental alleles are recombined

Answer 21

meiosis

Question 22

(alleles).:

Answer 22

Creates the different versions of
the same gene

Question 23

the number of chromosomes was determined

Answer 23

in 1956

Question 24

how many human genome is…

Answer 24

20,000

Question 25

what is the percentage od functioning proteins

Answer 25

1.5%

Question 26

protein is made of

Answer 26

20 amino acids

Question 27

non coding genes is

Answer 27

not making protein

Question 28

Heredity material, contains all the genetic information to build an organism.
* Provide genetic blueprint for all proteins in the body.
* Arranged in chromosomes and packed in cells.

Answer 28

DNA