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Histopathology Lec > Introduction to General Pathology > Flashcards

Introduction to General Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

a field that talks about the mechanisms of cells when exposed to injurious stimulus or high level stress

A

general pathology

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2
Q

field that covers the mode of cell adaptation when it comes to changes in the environment

A

general pathology

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3
Q

group of cells that developed during embryonic development

A

germ layer

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4
Q

layers of the germ layer (inner to outer)

A

endoderm
mesoderm
ectoderm

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5
Q

forms the inner lining of the organs

A

endoderm

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6
Q

examples of endoderm

A

[PL - pl hall]
pancreatic cells
lung cells

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7
Q

develops into the organs

A

mesoderm

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8
Q

examples of mesoderm

A

[CRT - cr ta]
cardiac, skeletal, smooth muscle cells
RBC
tubule cells of the kidney

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9
Q

forms the exoskeleton

A

ectoderm

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10
Q

examples of ectoderm

A

[PNS]
pigment cells
neuron of the brain
skin cells of the epidermis

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11
Q

types of tissue

A

[CEMN - cmon]
connective
epithelial
muscular
nervous

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12
Q

type of tissue that provides protection and covering; found on the skin and lining of organs

A

epithelial

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13
Q

connects tissue to bone, tendon, and ligaments to supply nutrients

A

connective

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14
Q

3 types of muscular tissue

A

skeletal
cardiac
smooth

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15
Q

involved in transmitting signals to the brain

A

nervous

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16
Q

main focus in histology

A

looking at normal tissues to identify the appearance of an abnormal one

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17
Q

pathology comes from the greek words ____ and ____ which means study of suffering or disease

A

pathos and logos

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18
Q

its main purpose is identifying the underlying cause of death

A

histopathology

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19
Q

father of modern pathology

A

Rudolf Virchow

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20
Q

father of medicine

A

Hippocrates

21
Q

he started autopsy

A

Rudolf Virchow

22
Q

4 humors

A

black bile
yellow bile
blood
phlegm

23
Q

most important personnel in the lab

A

pathologist

24
Q

main role of pathologist

A

perform gross pathology

25
Q

4 divisions in the lab

A

[GAMS]
gross
autopsy
microscopic
surgical

26
Q

changes in the tissue that can be seen by the naked eye

A

gross

27
Q

what is examined in gross pathology

A

color
size
consistency

28
Q

2 branches under microscopic

A

clinical pathology
anatomical pathology

29
Q

composed of processes involving the use of body fluids, tissues, excretions, exudates, transudates

A

clinical pathology

30
Q

removal of an organ/tissue for examination/diagnosis

A

anatomical pathology

31
Q

processing the living tissues from a living individual

A

surgical

32
Q

performed usually when the cause of death is suspicious

A

autopsy

33
Q

another term for autopsy

A

post-mortem

34
Q

any change from a state of health as a result of certain forms of stimuli and stress

A

disease

35
Q

4 aspects of a disease process

A

[CEMP]
clinical manifestations
etiology
morphologic and molecular changes
pathogenesis

36
Q

when this is disturbed, disease will start

A

homeostasis

37
Q

how do normal cells handle demands

A

through homeostasis

38
Q

changes made by the cell in response to environmental changes

A

adaptation

39
Q

types of cell adaptation

A

successful
- goes back to normal
unsuccessful
- leads to cell injury

40
Q

altered cell structure or function

A

cell injury

41
Q

causes of cell injury

A

[DIE]
deprivation of essential nutrients
inability to adapt
exposure to injurious stimuli

42
Q

possible results of cell injury

A

reversible
- mild; back to normal
irreversible
- severe; cell death

43
Q

types of cell death

A

necrosis
- sudden death (burst)
apoptosis
- programmed cell death (physiologic)

44
Q

RBC life span

A

120 days

45
Q

self-eating

A

autophagy

46
Q

cell asks for nutrients from other cells

A

intracellular accumulation of substances

47
Q

tissue hardens in response to stress/injurious stimulus; high level of calcium

A

pathologic calcification

48
Q

cell becomes old

A

cellular aging

Histopathology Lec (3 decks)

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