Introduction to Fungi Flashcards
Outline the major characteristics of the fungi and factors that encourage their growth
Some are unicellular, but most are multicellular; eukaryotic, heterotrophic, have chitin cell wall, efficient decomposers, symbiosis with plants (that is a nitrogen fixer and helps prevent herbivory, promotes growth)
mutlicellular fungi have hyphae making up mycelium to encourage growth
Compare asexual and sexual reproduction in Ascomycota
known as sac fungi because of their sac-like reproductive structures
sexual reproduction includes producing 8 ascopores within one ascus, with asci being in large fruiting bodies called ascocarps
Asexual reproduction produces spores called conidia and are produced in a structure called conidiophore
Compare asexual and sexual reproduction in Phylum Zygomycota
asexual reproduction occurs more frequently than sexual reproduction
asexual reproduction includes hyphae that produces stalks, and stalk tips producing sporangia where sporangiospores are produced
sexual reproduction includes fusion of gametangia (structure that produces gametes); the fusion develops into a zygosporangium that will later produce a zygospore; the zygospores releases haploid spores to create new hyphae
Observe the general characteristics of different types of fungi and be able to identify yeast, molds and mushrooms
Search Images online!!
Explain the symbiotic relationships of lichens
come from the symbiotic associations between a fungus and a photosynthetic partner, such as green algae or cyanobacteria and a fungus
Algae & cyanobacteria provide fixed carbon
compounds (sugar made by photosynthesis)
* Cyanobacteria may also provide fixed nitrogen
* Fungus provides protection; live in very dry or cold
environments where no plants can grow
* Good Biotic Indicators: sensitive to pollution and can
indicate deteriorating air quality
Identity different types of lichens
three major growth forms are crustose, fruticose, and foliose; images of types on phone!
Penicillium
common mold, produces antibiotic penicillin; important role in cheese production; in phylum Ascomycota
how does Penicillium compare to rhizopus?
different coloration(that is green) from rhizopus
Saccharomyces
unicellular fungi that ferment carbohydrates; in phylum ascomycota; has process of budding that is asexual reproduction
Compare asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction in Basidiomycota
primarily use sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction is rare
The basidiocarp(fruiting body) contains basidia that produce four basidiospores in sexual reproduction
