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dermatology > introduction to dermatology > Flashcards

introduction to dermatology Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is the largest organ in the body

A

skin

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2
Q

What is the structure of epidermis

A

stratum corneum

stratum lucidum

stratum granulosum

stratum spinosum

stratum basale

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3
Q

What happens at the stratum basale

A

cells divide and become some of the more superficial cells of the skin

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4
Q

What determines the skin colour of an individual

A

malanin

Eumelanin - black brown form

pheomelanin - red yellow form

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5
Q

If someone has more eumelanin than pheomelanin what colour will they be

A

Darker skin tone

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6
Q

What is the anagen phase of the hair cycle

A

Active growing phase

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7
Q

What is the catagen phase of the hair cycle

A

growth stops and follicle shrinks

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8
Q

What is the telogen phase of the hair cycle

A

resting phase for 1-4 months

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9
Q

What are the functions of the skin

A

Thermoregulator

Skin immune system

Barrier

Sensation

Vit D synthesis - UVB reacting with the skin causes production of pre vitamin D

Physical appearance, smell and identity

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10
Q

What are external causes of skin disease

A

Temperature
UV
chemical
Infection
trauma

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11
Q

What are internal causes of skin disease

A

Systemic disease
genetics
drugs
infections

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12
Q

What is photosensitivity

A

Unusual reaction to light

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13
Q

What is cold urticaria

A

Skin reaction that occurs in response to cold after a few minutes

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14
Q

What is dermatitis artefacta

A

caused by patient inducing traumatic injuries to their skin

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15
Q

What is a bullous pemphigoid

A

Immune system attacks joints between epidermis and dermis which causes the dermis to detach

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16
Q

What is a macule

A

Small flat circumscribed area - normally blanching so if you push down on them they will disappear but once you let go, they will reappear

17
Q

What is a patch

A

large flat circumscribed area

18
Q

What is a papule

A

Small raised area less than 1 cm

19
Q

What is a plaque

A

large raised area more than 1 cm

20
Q

What is a vesicle

A

small fluid filled lesion

21
Q

What is a bulla

A

large fluid filled region

22
Q

What is a pustule

A

small pus filled lesion

23
Q

What is an abscess

A

Large pus filled lesion

24
Q

What is erosion

A

loss of epidermis

25
Q

What is an ulcer

A

Loss of epidermis and dermis

26
Q

What is a nodule

A

Palpable lesion more than 1 cm in diameter which is taller than it is wide

27
Q

What investigations are done in dermatology

A

Charcoal swab - bacterial swab

MC&S - microscopy, culture and sensitivities to see if there is an infection which needs treating

Viral swab - for viral suspicion

Skin scraping, nail clipping, hair sample and fungal cultures - for fungal suspicion

dermatology (10 decks)

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