Introduction to Chemistry Flashcards
What is an inference?
An inference can be correct or incorrect.
An inference can be plausible or implausible.
An inference with little or no evidence is often called a speculation.
An inference can be supported (or refuted) by gathering more data.
What are qualitative observations?
Qualitative observations are observations of qualities (think
characteristics like colour or types like mammalian or reptilian, sensation like slimy or dry…),
What are quantitative observations?
Quantitative observations are observations of quantity
(think count, length, time, speed, density, temperature, angle…). The basic distinction is usually clear, but there can be overlap.
What is an example of data that can be qualitative and quantative?
For example, some data like colour might be described qualitatively or
quantitatively depending on the circumstance. We commonly think of
colour as a quality (green, blue green, yellowish green), but a certain shade
of green might also be described in terms of its wavelength.
Summary of qualitative
- Description, often adjectives
-Can use tools too, such as microscopes - Focus on the qualities of something lie texture or colour or stickiness
- Unquantified sensations like color, smell and texture
- Even though based on the senses, observers should aim for “objective”
Summary of quantitative
- Need a number
- Counted or measure and then recorded as a quantity
- Stopwatches or rulers
- If there is not a scale, we make one
QUALITATIVE VS QUANTITATIVE
OBSERVATION
It can be argued that qualitative observations can be more subjective, but both are subject to bias and error.
Tools and systems for data gathering and recording are important for both.
One is not necessarily better than the other. The value of qualitative and quantitative data depends on what is being observed and the purpose of the description. Sometimes it’s important to use both.
