Introduction to Biochemistry Flashcards
RE-LEARN
Considered the Building Blocks of Proteins
Amino Acids
A type of biomolecule that sserves as the primary source of energy for most living organism.
Carbohydrates
The process of breaking down complex molecules into simpler one’s known as:
Catabolism
Most abundant in organic molecules:
Carbon
The structural framework of biological membranes is primarily composed of:
Phospholipids
________ speeds up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.
Enzymes
Are examples of NUCLEIC ACIDS
DNA & RNA
Monosaccharides can be classified based on the number of____________ they contain
Carbon Atoms
A monossacharide with 3 carbon atoms
trioses
A monosaccharide with 4 carbon atoms
tetroses
A monosaccharide with 5 carbon atoms
pentoses
A common example of a pentose is________, which is essential in nucleic acids.
Riboses
Glucose and Fructose are examples of _______, which are hexoses with different structural arrangements
Isomers
Monosaccharides with an aldehyde group are classified as _______ sugars.
Aldoses
Monosaccharides with a ketone group are known as _______ sugars.
Ketoses
Define Biochemistry
is the study of the chemistry of living things. This includes organic molecules and their chemical reactions.
WHAT TYPES OF MOLECULES DO BIOCHEMISTS STUDY?
Biomolecules
What are the 5 Biomolecules focused in Biochemistry?
Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Enzymes and Nucleic Acids
What is Biochemistry used for?
-Biochemistry is used to learn about the biological processes which take place in cells and organisms.
-Biochemists can help cells to produce new products
-Biochemists help to develop artificial sweeteners.
WHAT DISCIPLINES ARE RELATED TO BIOCHEMISTRY?
Molecular Genetics
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Chemical Biology
How is biochemistry related to MOLECULAR GENETICS?
The study of chromosomes and gene expression of an organism can give insight into heredity, genetic variation, and mutations.
How is biochemistry related to MOLECULAR BIOLOGY?
-the basis of biological activity between biomolecules including the interactions between DNA, RNA, and proteins and their biosynthesis, as well as the regulation of these interactions.
How is biochemistry related to PHARMACOLOGY?
is the branch of biology concerned with the study of drug action
How is biochemistry related to CHEMICAL BIOLOGY?
It involves the application of chemical techniques, tools, and analysis, and often compounds produced through synthetic chemistry
How does biochemistry help in PATHOLOGY?
-the physician can get a clue on the biochemical change and the associated disorder.
How does biochemistry help in PHYSIOLOGY?
helps one understand the biochemical changes and related physiological alteration in the body.
What discipline is related to biochemistry that’s IMPORTANT in MEDICINE?
PHYSIOLOGY
PATHOLOGY
NUTRITION DEFICIENCY
HORMONAL DEFICIENCY
How does biochemistry help in NUTRITION DEFICIENCY?
-many people rely on taking multivitamin & minerals for better health. The function and role of the vitamin in the body are described only by biochemistry.
How does biochemistry help in HORMONAL DEFICIENCY?
-The formation, role of hormones in the normal body function is taught in biochemistry by which the physician can understand the concerned problem during treatment.
WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF BIOCHEMISTRY IN NUTRITION?
biochemistry describes the food chemistry. For maintenance of health, optimum intake of many biochemicals like macro, micronutrients, vitamins, minerals, essential fatty acids & water is necessary.
What is multicellular organisms?
The organism is made up of many cells
What are the 8 basic properties do living things share?
Cellular Organization
Reproduction
Metabolism (Obtain and Use Energy)
Homeostasis
Heredity
Responsiveness
Growth and Development
Adapt Through Evolution
what is food chemistry in biochemistry?
-gives an idea of what we eat
What is the role of Nutrients?
-the importance of vitamins, minerals, essential fatty acids, and their contribution to health.
What are the 2 smallest unit capable of all life functions?
UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS and MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS
What is unicellular organisms?
Entire organism is made up of one single cell
-is the process of producing new organisms of the same type.
REPRODUCTION
2 Types of Reproduction?
Asexual Reproduction and Sexual Reproduction
Define ASEXUAL reproduction.
A single parent organism reproducing by itself
Define SEXUAL reproduction
Two different parent organisms contribute genetic information
The process of building up complex substances from simpler substances
Anabolism
The process of breaking down complex substances into simpler substances to release energy
Catabolism
The total of all chemical reactions in an organism
Metabolism
A stable state of conditions in the body that are necessary for life
Homeostasis
process that enables organisms to become better suited to their environment
Adaptation
involves a change in the physical form or physiological make-up of an organism
Development
