Introduction to behaviour changes Flashcards
1
Q
Health related behaviours
A
Smoking Exercise Diet Weight control Drugs/alcohol Contraceptives Sunscreen Dental health
2
Q
Why is behaviour change important?
A
Reducing obesity, smoking, inactivity and improving diets could prevent type 2 diabetes, circulatory diseases and cancer
3
Q
When is behaviour change important?
A
Primary prevention - health behaviour
Secondary prevention - illness behaviour
Treatment and recovery - sick-role behaviour
Ongoing management - self-care behaviour
4
Q
Asthma related behaviours
A
- Smoking
- Using inhalers correctly
- Self-monitoring
- Avoiding/managing triggers
- Seeking and presenting at health services when needed, attending appointments
- Self-care
- Weight and diet control
5
Q
Which factors influence behaviour?
A
- Social: culture, class, education, employment
- Psychological: past and current behaviours, personality, emotions, cognitions
- Biological: genetics, age, pre-existing illness
- Environmental: availability, access, cost, weather
6
Q
Social cognitive factors
A
- Social = relationship with others (support, pressure, self identity)
- Cognitive = internal thought processes
- Acquired through socialisation, learning
- Assumed to mediate effects of other factors
- May be more open to change
7
Q
Researching psychological factors
A
- Observation: identifying influencing factors during quantitative and qualitative methods
- Model: describes how factors combine and interact
- Theory: organise known facts as basis for further research
- Predictions: specific questions/hypotheses to test
- testing: development of measures, approaches for testing
- Revision: on basis of new findings, applications
- Intervention: change on basis of model, theory
8
Q
Motivation
A
- Health locus of control - internal and external locus of control
- Health belief model - threat, pros and cons
- Protection-motivation theory - threat appraisal, coping appraisal
- Theory of planned behaviour - intention and attitudes
9
Q
Self efficacy
A
- From social cognitive theory
- Motivation and action based on outcome expectancy beliefs (beliefs about consequences)
- Perceived self efficacy (confidence, belief in ability to perform action/behaviour in situation to achieve outcome)
- SE predicts intention and behaviour across wide range of behaviours
- Important in motivation, action and maintenance
10
Q
Stage models
A
- Add temporal component
- Precontemplation - not thought about doing
- Contemplation - thought about doing but no plans
- Preparation - thought about doing, planning
- Action - currently doing or recently started
- Maintenance - doing for more than 6 months
- Termination, relapse
