Introduction to behaviour changes Flashcards

1
Q

Health related behaviours

A
Smoking
Exercise
Diet
Weight control
Drugs/alcohol
Contraceptives
Sunscreen 
Dental health
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2
Q

Why is behaviour change important?

A

Reducing obesity, smoking, inactivity and improving diets could prevent type 2 diabetes, circulatory diseases and cancer

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3
Q

When is behaviour change important?

A

Primary prevention - health behaviour
Secondary prevention - illness behaviour
Treatment and recovery - sick-role behaviour
Ongoing management - self-care behaviour

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4
Q

Asthma related behaviours

A
  • Smoking
  • Using inhalers correctly
  • Self-monitoring
  • Avoiding/managing triggers
  • Seeking and presenting at health services when needed, attending appointments
  • Self-care
  • Weight and diet control
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5
Q

Which factors influence behaviour?

A
  • Social: culture, class, education, employment
  • Psychological: past and current behaviours, personality, emotions, cognitions
  • Biological: genetics, age, pre-existing illness
  • Environmental: availability, access, cost, weather
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6
Q

Social cognitive factors

A
  • Social = relationship with others (support, pressure, self identity)
  • Cognitive = internal thought processes
  • Acquired through socialisation, learning
  • Assumed to mediate effects of other factors
  • May be more open to change
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7
Q

Researching psychological factors

A
  • Observation: identifying influencing factors during quantitative and qualitative methods
  • Model: describes how factors combine and interact
  • Theory: organise known facts as basis for further research
  • Predictions: specific questions/hypotheses to test
  • testing: development of measures, approaches for testing
  • Revision: on basis of new findings, applications
  • Intervention: change on basis of model, theory
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8
Q

Motivation

A
  • Health locus of control - internal and external locus of control
  • Health belief model - threat, pros and cons
  • Protection-motivation theory - threat appraisal, coping appraisal
  • Theory of planned behaviour - intention and attitudes
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9
Q

Self efficacy

A
  • From social cognitive theory
  • Motivation and action based on outcome expectancy beliefs (beliefs about consequences)
  • Perceived self efficacy (confidence, belief in ability to perform action/behaviour in situation to achieve outcome)
  • SE predicts intention and behaviour across wide range of behaviours
  • Important in motivation, action and maintenance
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10
Q

Stage models

A
  • Add temporal component
  • Precontemplation - not thought about doing
  • Contemplation - thought about doing but no plans
  • Preparation - thought about doing, planning
  • Action - currently doing or recently started
  • Maintenance - doing for more than 6 months
  • Termination, relapse
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