Introduction to bacteria

Question 1

Outline the importance of microbiology in veterinary science

Answer 1

Is important to:

• Understand disease
• make choices in treatment
• recognize emerging disease
• Improve the control of known infections, to improve prevention and reduce the spread

Question 2

What are the different types of bacteria

Answer 2

• Gram negative
• Gram positive
• Acid fast
• Mycoplasma

Question 3

What makes up the bacterial cell wall

Answer 3

• it is made of peptidoglycan

Question 4

List the basic bacterial morphology shapes

Answer 4

• Rod (Bacillus)
• Spiral (Vibrio)
• Forms bunch as they divide on random axis (Staphylococcus)
• Form chains as divide on fixed axis (Streptococcus)

Question 5

Describe Pili

Answer 5

• Strands of protein
• involved in adhesion
• Are more common on Gram -ve bacteria

Question 6

Describe the function of endospores

Answer 6

• Hard to penetrate by certain chemicals
• Resistant to higher temperatures
• Resistant to most common agents

Question 7

Describe the structure of gram-negative bacteria

Answer 7

Have:

• inner membrane
• cell wall
• outer membrane
• a thick peptidoglycan layer

Question 8

Describe the structure of gram-positive bacteria

Answer 8

Have:

• inner membrane
• Have thick cell wall

Question 9

Describe the structure of acid fast bacteria

Answer 9

Have:

• Inner membrane
• a layer of peptidoglycan
• have mycolic acid

Question 10

Describe the structure of mycoplasma bacteria

Answer 10

No cell wall simple membrane