Introduction Part 3 Flashcards
needle-shaped
Acicular
sharp-edged or having roughly polyhedral shape
Angular
freely developed in a fluid medium of geometric shape
Crystalline
having a branched crystalline shape
Dendritic
regular or irregularly thread-like
Fibrous
plate-like
Flaky
having approximately an equidimensional irregular shape
Granular
lacking any symmetry
Irregular
having rounded, irregular shape
Modular
Global Shape
Spherical
a deposit or a system of deposits containing at least one valuable mineral that can be separated from the other minerals and marketed for a profit
Ore
minerals that have the same chemical composition but possess different crystal structures. Because structure determines properties, the physical and chemical properties of the polymorphs will vary, albeit usually minimally.
Polymorph
a series of actions taken to achieve mineral separations. Valuable minerals report to a concentrate, or con, and gangue minerals report to tailings, or tail.
Processing
the field of engineering concerned with the separation of valuable minerals from ores into concentrates usually without chemical change, while ____ is the field of engineering concerned with the extraction of valuable metals from ores or concentrates usually with chemical change.
Mineral Processing
Extractive Metallurgy
native elements
Fe, Ni, Cu, Ag, Au, S, and C
refers to the cohesiveness of a mineral and its resistance to breaking, bending, and deforming.
Tenacity
____ means a mineral resists hammering. ____ indicates it flattens when hammered. ____ or ____ means it breaks when hammered. If much smaller forces than hammering are used and the mineral breaks into pieces, it is____; however, if it breaks into powder, it is ____
Tough
malleable
Brittle or Fragile
Friable
Pulverulent
____ means it can be bent but stays bent.
Flexible
____ indicates the mineral returns to its original state after being bent.
Elastic
____ occurs when minerals break preferentially along crystallographic planes as a result of relatively weak bonds across the planes where particular ions are located.
Cleavage
____refers to a breakage that does not take place along defined crystal planes.
Fracture
____ is the color of a powdered mineral. The color of the mineral is definite and clearly helps in its identification.
Streak
Like color, ____ is an optical property of a mineral. It describes how a mineral appears to reflect light and how bright the reflection is.
Luster
refers to a mineral’s degree of transparency or the percentage of light that is transmitted through it.
Diaphaneity
3 Cases of Diaphaneity
If objects can be clearly seen through a mineral, then it has ____
Transparent Diaphaneity
3 cases of Diaphaneity
____ occurs when objects cannot be clearly seen through a mineral.
Translucent Diaphaneity
3 cases of diaphaneity
means the objects cannot be seen at all
Opaque diaphaneity
____ is an optical property of a transparent mineral
Refractivity
depicts the emission of light by a mineral other than the direct result of incandescence.
Luminescence
mineral emits light during direct exposure to ultraviolet light and xrays only.
Fluorescence
mineral emits light during direct exposure to and even after cutting off the exciting rays
Phosphorescence
Mineral that slightly repels magnetism
Diamagnetic
Mineral that is strongly attracted to magnetism
Ferromagnetic
