Introduction part 1 Flashcards
____ is a substance having definite chemical composition and internal atomic structure and formed by the inorganic processes of nature.
Mineral
____ are the minerals from which a metal is extracted
Metallic Minerals
- ________are the minerals used for industrial purposes for making cement, refractories, glass and ceramics, insulators, fertilizers etc. These minerals are also called 2.______
- Non-metallic Minerals
- Industrial Minerals
The third type, (1____), is considered a mineral and is sometimes spoken of as (2) in trade, industry and legal affairs.
- Coal
- Mineral Coal
Why is it in a restricted technical sense, coal is not considered as mineral?
because coal is organic in composition and formed from decaying vegetation and mineral matter.
What is Ore?
also an aggregation of several minerals from which one or more minerals can
be exploited/separated at profit
What is Rock?
an aggregation of several minerals as occurred in the earth’s crust
those minerals which contain an economically exploitable quantity of some metal or non-metal
Ore Minerals or Valuable Minerals
usually the non-metallic minerals associated with ore minerals which are worthless as a source for that metal or otherwise.
Gangue Minerals
the natural deposits of ore minerals.
Ore Deposits
an aggregation of valuable and gangue minerals.
Ore
one from which a single metal can be extracted. For example, only Iron is extracted from Hematite ore, Aluminum is extracted from Bauxite ore, Chromium is extracted from Chromite ore, etc.
Simple Ore
one from which two or more metals can be extracted. Lead, Zinc and Copper metals are extracted from Lead-Zinc-Copper Ore.
Complex Ore
is generally expressed in percent of metal present in the mineral. It is calculated by taking the atomic weights of the elements present in the mineral.
Metal Content of a Mineral
the percent metal, percent valuable mineral, or ounces precious metal per ton depending upon the type of ore involved.
Assay Value or Tenor
is a relative term used to represent the value of an ore.
Grade
an ore having a high assay value
High Grade Ore
an ore having a low assay value
Low Grade Ore
other terms of common usage where an ore with a high assay value is (1) and an ore with low assay value is (2).
Rich Ore and Lean Ore
The Ore having an assay value between that of high and low value is called
Medium Grade Ore
can be defined as processing of raw minerals to yield marketable products and waste by means of physical or mechanical methods in such a way that the physical and chemical identity of the minerals are not destroyed
Mineral beneficiation
Separation of the wanted part from the aggregation of wanted and unwanted parts by physical methods is termed as
Beneficiation
an ore directly taken from the mine, as it is mined.
Run-of-mine Ore
Detachment or freeing of dissimilar particles from each other i.e. valuable mineral particles and gangue mineral particles
Liberation
Actual separation of liberated dissimilar particles i.e., valuable mineral particles and gangue mineral particles
Separation
are essential operations of any plant without which no plant exists.
Supporting Operations
The operations conducted on any material that involve physical changes are termed
Unit Operations
Ore deposits are divided into three great types as given
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
State of aggregation
7 ni sila kabuok
a Form
b Habit
c Pseudo morphism, Polymorphism and Polytipism
d Cleavage
e Fracture
g Hardness
h Tenacity
Characters dependent upon light
6 ni sila kabuok
a Color
b Streak
c Luster
d Transparency
e Phosphorescence
f Fluorescence
The identification of minerals by their physical properties is termed as
Megascopic Identification
Transparent minerals are identified under
Petrological or Mineralogical microscope
opaque minerals are identified under
Ore Microscope
