Introduction Lec 1.

Question 1

3 Principal Themes in Earth History

Answer 1

1. Deep time –> geologic time scale
2. Plate Tectonics
3. Evolution of life

Question 2

Leonardo da Vinci

Answer 2

First to recognize that mountains were not always there by seeing sea fossiles on top of mountains.

Question 3

Robert Hooke

Answer 3

Hunch back that thought of Bio Strat and see that there was a chronology to fossils

Question 4

Niels Stenson AKA Steno

Answer 4

Father of geology
Was called to cut open a shark and saw that the shark teeth matched “Giant” teeth found on the mountions
4 Steno Principles

Question 5

Stenos 4 basic princibals

Answer 5

1. Superpostion –> older rocks lie under unger rocks. Rocks can be tilited but there are ways of determinin the “way up” like animal burrows, mud cracks, pillow basults
2. Original Horizontallity –> beds are deposited horizontally
3. Original Lateral Continuity –> Rock layers extend laterally until physically constrained in some way
4. Cross cutting relationships–> things that cross others are younger (like a sill or a dyke)

Question 6

James Hutton

Answer 6

Uniformintarianism
saw that geologic process happend slowly by looking at his farm and seening nchent erroded rivers
Saw that the therory that the earth was formed by the big flood (the Big Deluge) was wrong

Question 7

“Actualism”

Answer 7

Modifing how things are created from an evolutionary point of view.
Ex: how seed bearing grasses did not evolve tell the upper cretaceous and these seed bearing grasses are the reson for salt marshes

Question 8

Sir Chales Lyell

Answer 8

Thought of “Deep Time” and that mountain bulding and erosion took long periods of time

Question 9

William Smith

Answer 9

Father of Stratigraph!!!!

made the fisrt stratographic map =D

Question 10

Henry Clifton Sorby

Answer 10

A scoop full of sediment
Father of sedimentology
first to view a thin section

Question 11

Amadeus Grabau

Answer 11

Published papers way befor his time

First Geological survay of china and he was killed by japs!!!!!!!

Question 12

When did sedimentology truly start?

Answer 12

Sedimentology truly started in 1950 b/c of Kuenen and Migliorini (ittalian guy)
Sedimentary features modeled in a lab
Modern land forms could be explaned with processes of old (uniforminatianism)

Question 13

Graded Bedding

Answer 13

Usually with rivers/ turbidity currents coarse sand deposits first then fine sand than silt and clay. So the fines of the grains increases as you move up the unit.