Introduction (L1) Flashcards
1
Q
Behavioural tools
A
- Eye tracking
- Reaction time
2
Q
Neural tools - invasive
A
- Single cell recording (animals)
- Intracranial EEG (humans)
3
Q
Neural tools - noninvasive
A
- fMRI
- EEG
- MEG
4
Q
Brain stimulation tools
A
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TSM) (humans)
- Electrode stimulation (animals)
5
Q
Lesion tools
A
- Brain injury (humans)
- Induced lesions (animals)
6
Q
Correlational research
A
- Relationships between pairs of variables (e.g., weight and height).
- Correlation does not equal causation.
7
Q
Experimental research
A
- Apply manipulations to a specific variable while controlling another variable.
- Allows for causal inferences to be made
8
Q
Between-groups design (experimental research)
A
Each subject is randomly allocated to a group. Each group receives one experimental condition.
9
Q
Phrenology
A
- Gall and Spurzheim invented phrenology in the 19th century.
- Early attempt at mapping the brain.
- 35 regions. Each section subserved a specific function (colour, hope, language etc.)
- Claimed that skull morphology could be used to measure aptitude in these functions.
10
Q
Paul Broca
A
- Patients had difficulty producing voluntary speech.
- Could understand spoken language.
- All patients had lesions in a specific part of their left frontal lobe.
11
Q
Carl Wernicke
A
- Wernicke studies patients who had impaired speech comprehension, and who produced fluent but disordered speech.
- Had common lesions in the left posterior temporal lobe.
12
Q
Korbinian Brodmann
A
- Studied the organisation of neurons in cortial grey matter.
- He parcellated the neocortex into 48 Brodmann areas.
13
Q
Hans Berger
A
- Conducted the first EEG recording from a human patient in 1924.
- Characterised alpha rhythm and its suppression by a faster beta rhythm when the subject opened their eyes.
14
Q
Mental chronometry
A
- Franciscus Donders studied how quickly it takes to react to a stimulus (reaction time)
