INTRODUCTION IN THEORIES OF PERSONALITY Flashcards
Originated from the Latin word persona
Personality
A pattern of a relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics
Personality
It contribute to individual differences in behavior overtime and stability of behavior across the situations
Traits
A unique qualities of an individual that includes such attributes as temperament, physique and intelligence
Characteristics
A set of assumptions that allows scientists to use logical deductive reasoning to formulate testable hypothesis
Theory
What is theory?
A set of assumptions that allows scientists to use logical deductive reasoning to formulate testable hypothesis
A single assumptions can never fill all the requirements of an adequate theory
theory is a SET OF ASSUMPTIONS
Isolated assumptions can neither be generated meaningful hypotheses nor posses internal consistency
theory is a SET OF RELATED ASSUMPTIONS
The components of a theory are not proven facts in the sense that their validity has been established
DEFINITION IS ASSUMTIONS
used by researchers to formulate hypotheses
Logical deductive reasoning
theory must be stated with sufficient precision and logical consistency
tenets
the hypotheses need to be tested immediately, but it must suggest the possibility that scientist in the future might develop the necessary means to test it
qualifier testable
means love of wisdom, deals with what ought to be or what should be
philosophy
the people who pursue wisdom through thinking and reasoning
philosophers
The nature of knowledge.
Epistemology
they are closely tied to empirically gathered data and to science
speculations
A branch of study concerned with the observation and classification of data and with the verification of general laws through testing of hypotheses.
Science
an educated guess or prediction specific enough for its validity
hypothesis
A single comprehensive theory is capable of generating thousands of hypotheses.
hypothesis
a classification of things according to their natural relationships
taxonomy
are essential to the development of science because without the classification of data science could not grow
taxonomy
can evolve into theories when they begin to generate testable hypotheses and to explain research findings
taxonomy
Robert McCrae and Paul Costa “Big Five” factors of personality”
-Stability
-Extraversion
-Openness
-Agreeableness
-Conscientiousness
SIX CRITERIA DETERMINE THE USEFULNESS OF A SCIENTIFIC THEORY:
- Does the theory generate research?
- Is it falsifiable?
- Does it organize and explain knowledge?
- Does it suggest practical solutions to everyday problems?
- Is it internally consistent?
- Is it simple or parsimonious?