Introduction chapter 1 psy 102

Question 1

what makes something a science

Answer 1

observe phenomenon, construct hypothesis, use to make predictions, test, repeat, modify

Question 2

explain the difference between applied psychologists and research

Answer 2

research psychologists conduct experiments and collect systematic observations and try to work out how the mind work. Applied psychologists take the results and use them to help children learn more effectively, design better products or help treat people with mental illness

Question 3

what are the three main ways modern psychologists study the mind

Answer 3

1. ask people to report their impressions of how their mind works
2. open up peoples heads and look at their brains
3. ask people to perform tasks that very in demands and see how fast they do them or how accurate they are and take measurements

Question 4

what is the “mind-body problem”

Answer 4

the questioning of the relationship between our mental activity and our physical bodies

Question 5

explain what Descarets’ view is vs modern psychologists of the relationship between the mind and body/brain

Answer 5

Descrates view is the physical body and mental mind belong in separate realms. the mental mind can influence the physical body through the brain ( pineal gland)

Modern psychologists (1800’s) believe that the mind is the brain and that there is no strict separation between the mind and the body. the mind is direct product of brain activity.

Question 6

what is empiricism

Answer 6

empiricist believe we have to acquire knowledge through experiences

Question 7

what is nativism

Answer 7

believe that we are born pre-programmed it know certain things (intelligence, personality)

Question 8

what is structuralism

Answer 8

the structure of conscious experience could be understood by analyzing the basic elements of thoughts and sensations.

Question 9

who believed in introspection

Answer 9

Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920)

Question 10

what is introspection

Answer 10

a process by which someone examines their own conscious experience as objectively as possible, making the human mind like any other aspect of nature that a scientist observed.

Question 11

what is functionalism

Answer 11

focuses on what is the purpose of experience (pain, fear)

Question 12

who was functionalism influenced by

Answer 12

Darwin

Question 13

who focused on functionalism

Answer 13

William James (1842-1910) 
Mary Whiton Calkins (1863-1930)

Question 14

what is the concept of behavourism

Answer 14

believed the way to make psychology scientific was to study observable behaviour, not the mind

Question 15

what concept rejected introspection

Answer 15

behaviorism

Question 16

who focused on behavourism

Answer 16

John Watson (1878-1958) 
B(urrhus) F(redrick) Skinner (1904-1990)

Question 17

who developed psychoanalysis

Answer 17

Sigmund Freud

Question 18

what does it mean to adopt an el lectic approach to psychology

Answer 18

get your ideas, your style or your tastes from a broad and diverse range of sources

Question 19

describe what is meant by the term “cognitive revolution” including its methods and theories

Answer 19

the development of computer technology allows for more testing advanced cognitive testing.

Question 20

what does an EEG do (electroencephalogram)

Answer 20

observe where electroactivity is happening in the brain and figure out which parts of your brain are working harder

Question 21

what does fMRI do

Answer 21

measures where blood is going to in the brain, where the brain is working hard it needs more oxygen

Question 22

how has evolution played a role in shaping our minds

Answer 22

we can solve problems that has arisen repeatedly for our ancestors on the past more easily than others

Question 23

explain the role of culture in modern psychologosts’ thinking

Answer 23

culture is the sum of the shared values, customs and beliefs of your ethnic, geographic, socio-economic, political, religious or sexual group