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Anatomy (PSP Edition) > Introduction and Terminology > Flashcards

Introduction and Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

There are 3 fibers of the trapezious. Name and describe them.

A
  1. Inferior fibers: Directed superiorly and laterally (from the top and towards the outside left and right edges, both of the back.)
  2. Transverse fibers go across from left to right, or vice versa, in a flat manner at the top of the back, just below the neck
  3. Superior fibers directed infero laterally (from the top edge fo the back towards the center of the neck, still on the back)
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2
Q

Eponym

A

Name or procedure that has zero anatomical reference

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3
Q

Macroscopic/gross anatomy

A

Covers regional, systemic, clinical/applied, surface, skeletal, imaging

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4
Q

Thorax

A

Chest

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5
Q

Anterior

A

Front

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6
Q

Posterior

A

Back

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7
Q

Upper limb

A

Arms

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8
Q

Lower limb

A

Legs

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9
Q

Regional anatomy

A

Head-neck, Trunk (thorax, back, abdomen, pelvis/perineum), extremities (upper and lower limbs)

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10
Q

Cephalic

A

Head. Includes cranial (skull) and facial (face), and occipital (base of skull)

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11
Q

Cervical

A

Neck.

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12
Q

Trunk

A

Chest and gut and pelvic area. Includes Thoracic (chest), abdominal, pelvic

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13
Q

Systemic anatomy covered

A

Skeletal, muscular, nervous, circulatory

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14
Q

Median nerve lesions

A

Nerves running in middle of upper limb

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15
Q

Supine position

A

Laying on your back

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16
Q

Prone position

A

Laying on your stomach

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17
Q

Describe the anatomical position

A
  1. Reference point; Standing supine (front facing) position
  2. The person is standing erect, facing observer. They are head level, eyes looking forward. Feet are together directed forward, and upper limbs are also at their sides with the palms turned forward.
18
Q

Describe the 3 cardinal anatomical planes.

A
  1. 2 vertical planes.
    A. Sagittal splits face and body in half from the front facing forward.)
    B. Coronal/frontal splits the head and body in half from the SIDE (through the ear)
  2. 1 horizontal plane.
    A. Transverse/.horixzontal plane splits body in half at the gut region
19
Q

Describe 3 different kinds of cuts

A
  1. Longitudinal cut. Cut made sagittally or coronally.
  2. Transverse/cross sectional cut made medially (think of the cut at the belly. It’s just like this only anywhere on the body.)
  3. Obliquely. Essentially, a cousin of the transverse cut. Just made at an angle instead of as a flat cut..
20
Q

Describe the 3 axis of rotation

A
  1. z-axis: passes from front to back (sagittal axis). If person were to rotate about this axis, the person would do a cartwheel.
  2. x axis: Passes from side to side. Essentially, it goes through both hands (medial-lateral/frontal axis). If person were to rotate about this axis, the person would be doing front/back flips.
  3. Y axis: Passes from top to bottom (longitudinal axis). If person were to rotate about this axis, they would be spinning in place.
21
Q

Where to rotations take place?

A

All axis of rotations run through joints.

X axis moves through sagittal plane, z axis moves through frontal plane, and y axis moves through transverse plane

22
Q

When you pick an axis:

A

Ask yourself, “When you rotation, what axis are you staying within during your rotation?”

23
Q

Flexion

A

Bending that decreases angle. Sagittal plane. X axis.

24
Q

Extension

A

Bending that increases angle. Sagittal plane. X axis

25
Q

Adduction

A

Movement towards midline. Coronal/frontal plane. Z axis.

26
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from midline. Coronal/frontal plane. Z axis.

27
Q

Medial rotation

A

Turn anterior surface medially (think of hands twisting towards stomach). Transverse/horizontal plane. Y axis.

28
Q

Lateral rotation

A

Turn anterior surface laterally (think of hands twisting away from stomach). Transverse/horizontal plane. Y axis.

29
Q

Describe the movements of the thumb

A

Movements of the thumb are described so that the thumbnail is at right angles to the other fingernails.

  1. Flexion is the movement of the thumb across the palm, as in hand gesture for “4”.
  2. Extension is the movement of the thumb away from the palm.
  3. Abduction is the movement of the thumb in the anteroposterior plane away from the palm.
  4. Adduction is movement of the thumb in the anteroposterior plane toward the palm.
  5. Opposition is the movement of the thumb towards other fingers for grasping.
  6. Reposition returns the thumb to the anatomical position.
30
Q

Anterior/ventral

A

Close to front

31
Q

Medial

A

Closer to midline

32
Q

Lateral

A

Farther from midline

33
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to origin

34
Q

Distal

A

Farther from origin

35
Q

Bilateral

A

Both sides

36
Q

Unilateral

A

One side

37
Q

Superior/cephalad/rostral/cranial

A

Towards to the head

38
Q

Posterial/dorsal

A

Closer to back

39
Q

Deep

A

Farther from surface

40
Q

Inferior/caudal

A

Towards to the feet

41
Q

Skin layers in order from most superficial to most inferior

A
  1. Skin
  2. Subcutaneous tissue/superficial fascia/hypodermis
  3. Muscle with deep fascia covering
42
Q

Phleb

A

vein

Anatomy (PSP Edition) (3 decks)

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