Introduction and Science

Question 1

biology

Answer 1

the science of life, scientific study of living organisms and how they evolve, involves the fundamentals of physics and chemistry

Question 2

Bios

Answer 2

life

Question 3

Logia

Answer 3

study of

Question 4

Life

Answer 4

1- Cellular organization
2- Ordered complexity
3- Sensitivity
4- Growth, development, and reproduction
5- Energy Utilization
6- Homeostasis
7- Evolutionary adaptation

Question 5

Levels of organization

Answer 5

1- atoms
2- molecules
3- macromolecules
4- organelles
5- cell
6- tissue
7- organ
8- organ system
9- organism
10- population
11- species
12- community
13- ecosystem
14- biome
15- biosphere

Question 6

Science

Answer 6

formulation and/or discrediting of objective explanations for the observations and phenomena of the physical and biological universe

Question 7

Elements of Science

Answer 7

1- observations 
2- logic
3- variable
4- controls 
5- test experiment
6- the scientific method

Question 8

Deductive reasoning

Answer 8

applies general principles to specific results

Question 9

Inductive reasoning

Answer 9

applying specific observations to universal application such as theories and laws

Question 10

Variable

Answer 10

factors that may or may not have influence on the outcome of an observation

Question 11

Controls

Answer 11

experiments doen with known results for comparison

Question 12

Test experiment

Answer 12

2 parallel tests are done side by side

• in one test a variable’s changed
• in other test no variables are changed as a control
• the difference in the 2 tests can be attributed to the change in the variable

Question 13

Scientific Method

Answer 13

1- Observation - Questions
2- Form a hypothesis and make predictions 
3- Test hypothesis (experiments)
4- reject hypothesis 
5- Revises hypothesis or make new ones

Question 14

Basic research

Answer 14

scientists conduct experiments in an attempt to broaden the bounds of what we know, generally done by universities funded by grants

Question 15

Applied research

Answer 15

scientists taking basic research and finding applications for it in life, generally private companies looking to make a profit

Question 16

Unifying themes of Biology

Answer 16

1- cell theory
2- molecular basis of inheritance 
3- structure and function
4- evolution
5- homeostasis

Question 17

cell theory

Answer 17

all living things are made of cells, all cells come from pre-existing cells

Question 18

DNA

Answer 18

deoxyribonucleic acid, contains info. (instructions) for cellular processes

Question 19

hereditary

Answer 19

the continuation of sequences from one generation to another

Question 20

genes

Answer 20

specific sequences that code for functional proteins and other products

Question 21

genome

Answer 21

entire set of DNA instructions that specifies a cell

Question 22

function

Answer 22

determined by molecular structure that can help us generalize the function of that molecule across systems, organism, species, etc.

Question 23

Structure and function: molecules

Answer 23

have specific chemical properties that are constant and predictable

Question 24

Evolution

Answer 24

1- accounts for diversity among organisms
2- all living things are descendants of a common ancestor
3- allows us to infer relationships among living and extinct organisms

Question 25

Homeostasis

Answer 25

maintaining of conditions necessary to continue life requiring:
- ability to SENSE conditions in the environment
- STORAGE AND PROCESSING of info
- CHANGES in responses to environment
accomplished through use of CELLULAR components and the interaction of cells EX: fight or flight response

Question 26

Diversity of life

Answer 26

1- bacteria
2- archaea
3- eukarya

Question 27

Eukarya

Answer 27

consists 4 kingdoms:
1- plantae
2- fungi
3- animalia
4- protista