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2ND SEM NEUROANATOMY > Introduction And Organization Of The Nervous System By Dr. Anuta > Flashcards

Introduction And Organization Of The Nervous System By Dr. Anuta Flashcards

1
Q

The _________ is the organ of consciousness, cognition, ethics, and behavior as such, it is the most intricate structure known to exist.

A

human nervous system

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2
Q

______ of the 23,000 genes encoded in the human genome are expressed in the NS.

A

> 1/3

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3
Q

Neurons exist within a dense parenchyma of multifunctional _________ that synthesize myelin, preserve homeostasis, and regulate immune responses.

A

glial cells

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4
Q

More than 350 different disease-causing genes have been identified, and >1000 neurologic disorders have been genetically mapped to various chromosomal locations.

A

Neurogenetics

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5
Q

Wires

A

Neurons

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6
Q

Connections

A

Synapse

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7
Q

Insulators

A

Glial cells

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8
Q

Cell bodies in ___________.

A

Gray matter

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9
Q

Axons in ___________.

A

White matter

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10
Q

Gray mater of the CNS

A

Astrocytes

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11
Q

White mater of the CNS

A

Oligodendroglia (produces myelin)

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12
Q

White mater

A

Microglia

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13
Q

Lines the walls of cavities and ventricles

A

Ependymal cells

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14
Q

ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY INSIDE THE NEURON

A

Synapse

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15
Q

SYNAPSE IS A VOID: TRANSFORMATION TO ___________.

A

CHEMICAL ENERGY

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16
Q

Overall in command of the nervous system

A

Cerebral cortex

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17
Q

Origin of all voluntary movement

A

Cerebral cortex

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18
Q

For all conscious awareness

A

Cerebral cortex

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19
Q

Frontal lobe as origin of all voluntary movement

A

Brodmann’s area 4 6 8

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20
Q

Frontal lobe for proper response to stimuli

A

Prefrontal lobe area 9 10 11 12

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21
Q

Also part of the LIMBIC LOBE

A

Prefrontal lobe

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22
Q

Brodmann’s area 9-12

A

Prefrontal lobe

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23
Q

Responsible for appropriate response to stimuli

A

Prefrontal lobe

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24
Q

Forms a motor homonculus / primary motor area

A

Area 4

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25
Q

Supplementary motor area

A

Area 6 and 8

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26
Q

Brocas area for expression of speech

A

Area 44

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27
Q

Located posterior to the rolandic sulcus

A

Parietal lobe

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28
Q

Receives, collects, processes and interprets general sensory stimuli

A

Parietal lobe

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29
Q

Located inferior to sylvian fissure

A

Temporal lobe

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30
Q

Receives, collects, processes and interprets auditory stimuli

A

Temporal lobe

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31
Q

Hard drive of CNS which stores all memory (inferior temporal gyrus)

A

Temporal lobe

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32
Q

LOCATED POSTERIOR TO THE PARIETAL LOBE

A

Occipital lobe

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33
Q

RECEIVES, COLLECTS, PROCESSES AND INTERPRETS VISUAL STIMULI

A

Occipital lobe

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34
Q

SCATTERED DIFFUSLY THROUGHOUT THE BRAIN

A

Limbic lobe

35
Q

Core of our emotions and responses

A

Limbic lobe

36
Q

THE ____________ IS FOR SCIENTIFIC THOUGHT- PRECISE/ACCURATE.

A

LEFT HEMISPHERE

37
Q

____________ IS FOR ARTISTIC THOUGHT- LOTS OF ROOM FOR VARIATION.

A

RIGHT HEMISPHERE

38
Q

Gray mater of diencephalon:

A

Basal ganglia and thalamus

39
Q

White mater of diencephalon

A

Internal capsule

40
Q

Team leader of the Basal ganglia:

A

Stratum

41
Q

Subteam 1 of the basal ganglia

A

Direct pathway

42
Q

Subteam 2 of basal ganglia:

A

Indirect pathway

43
Q

Spokesman of basal ganglia:

A

Globus pallidus

44
Q

Acetycholine and dopamine are normally in _________.

A

Balance

45
Q

Acetylcholine depletion or dopamine excess result in:

A

Chorea

46
Q

Acetylcholine excess or dopamine depletion result in:

A

Parkinsonism

47
Q

Cranial nerves of cerebral cortex:

A

I and II

48
Q

Cranial nerves for midbrain

A

III, IV and V

49
Q

Cranial nerves of Pons

A

5 6 7 and part of 8

50
Q

Cranial nerves of medulla

A

V, part of VIII, IX, X, XI, XII

51
Q

ALL NUCLEI AT _________ EXCEPT FOR CRANIAL NERVES I & II .

A

TEGMENTUM

52
Q

__________ FOUND IN MIDBRAIN, PONS, & MEDULLA

A

TRIGEMINAL

53
Q

___________ HAS A SPINAL BRANCH

A

SPINAL ACCESSORY

54
Q

HELPS MAINTAIN BALANCE : REORIENTING THE HEAD & TRUNK

A

Cerebellum

55
Q

MAKES MOVEMENT COORDINATED AND EXACT

A

Cerebellum

56
Q

Formed by ventral and dorsal roots

A

Spinal roots

57
Q

Each segment has ___ spinal roots.

A

2

58
Q

Has a dermatomal representation

A

Spinal roots

59
Q

Composed of three neurons

A

ascending tracts

60
Q

Each neuron has a cell body and axon

A

Ascending tracts

61
Q

Where one neuron ends the other begins

A

Ascending tracts

62
Q

Where the upper and lower motor neurons meet

A

Anterior horn

63
Q

Formed by several spinal roots

A

Peripheral nervous system

64
Q

Goes into all areas of the body

A

Peripheral nervous system

65
Q

Carries motor and sensory data

A

Peripheral nervous system

66
Q

Carry impulses to and from the CNS

A

Nerve fibers

67
Q

2 to 20 um in diameter

A

Type A

68
Q

Myelinated

A

Type A

69
Q

Motor and sensory

A

Type A

70
Q

10-70 m/sec

A

Type A

71
Q

3 um

A

Type B

72
Q

Thinly myelinated

A

Type B

73
Q

Preganglionic autonimic

A

Type B

74
Q

Pain and temperature

A

Type B

75
Q

7-5 m/sec

A

Type B

76
Q

<1 um

A

Type C

77
Q

Unmyelinated

A

Type C

78
Q

Sensory pain and temperature

A

Type C

79
Q

<2 m/sec

A

Type C

80
Q

POINT OF CONNECTION WITH VENTRICLES IS THROUGH ___________ and __________.

A

LUSCHKA and MAGENDIE

81
Q

Big spaces

A

Cisterns

82
Q

Opening in the dura mater

A

Venous sinuses

83
Q

CSF and venous drainage

A

Venous sinuses

84
Q

Superior saggital and inferior saggital sinuses at __________.

A

Falx cerebri

2ND SEM NEUROANATOMY (14 decks)

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