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Bio 142: Fundamentals of Cytogenetics > Introduction and History of Cytogenetics > Flashcards

Introduction and History of Cytogenetics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

father and son credited with invention of compound microscope

A

Zacharias and Hans Janssen (1600s)

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2
Q

What is the Cell Theory?

A
  1. The cell is the basic unit of structure of living things
  2. The cell is the basic unit of function of living things
  3. Cells arise from the division of pre-existing cells
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3
Q

the age of genetics

A

early 1900s

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4
Q

Who observed that chromosomes should be present for proper sea urchin development?

A

Theodor Boveri (1902)

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5
Q

Who observed chromosome separation into daughter cells during meiosis?

A

Walter Sutton (1902)

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5
Q

What is the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance?

A

Chromosomes are the physical location of the genetic information responsible for Mendelian Inheritance.

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6
Q

Who provided experimental evidence supporting the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance?

A

Thomas Hunt Morgan

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7
Q

Who observed chiasmata?

A

Frans Janssen (1909)

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8
Q

pairing and interaction between homologous chromosomes

A

synapsis

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9
Q

Who produced the first chromosome map?

A

Alfred Sturtevant (1913)

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10
Q

When was gene expression in lampbrush chromosomes first observed?

A

1920s/1930s

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11
Q

Who found the Y chromosome?

A

Painter (1921)

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12
Q

Who discovered the action of hypotonic solution/treatment?

A

Hsu, Makino, and Hughes (1952)

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13
Q

Who confirmed 46 chromosomes in human meiotic chromosomes?

A

Ford and Hamerton (1952)

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14
Q

Who showed correct chromosome number of humans (46?)

A

Tjio and Levan (1956)

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15
Q

Who discovered the first human chromosomal aberration?

A

Marthe Gautier (1958)

16
Q

era of clinical cytogenetics

A

1960

17
Q

first law of Mendel’s laws of inheritance, stating that two alleles for a given gene segregate during gamete formation, so that each gamete carries only one allele

A

Law of Segregation

18
Q

second law of Mendel’s laws of inheritance, stating that the inheritance of one gene is independent of the inheritance of another gene

A

Law of Independent Assortment

19
Q

occurs when sections are exchanged between homologous chromosomes during meiosis

A

recombination / crossing-over

Bio 142: Fundamentals of Cytogenetics (4 decks)

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