Introduction and History of Cytogenetics Flashcards
father and son credited with invention of compound microscope
Zacharias and Hans Janssen (1600s)
What is the Cell Theory?
- The cell is the basic unit of structure of living things
- The cell is the basic unit of function of living things
- Cells arise from the division of pre-existing cells
the age of genetics
early 1900s
Who observed that chromosomes should be present for proper sea urchin development?
Theodor Boveri (1902)
Who observed chromosome separation into daughter cells during meiosis?
Walter Sutton (1902)
What is the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance?
Chromosomes are the physical location of the genetic information responsible for Mendelian Inheritance.
Who provided experimental evidence supporting the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance?
Thomas Hunt Morgan
Who observed chiasmata?
Frans Janssen (1909)
pairing and interaction between homologous chromosomes
synapsis
Who produced the first chromosome map?
Alfred Sturtevant (1913)
When was gene expression in lampbrush chromosomes first observed?
1920s/1930s
Who found the Y chromosome?
Painter (1921)
Who discovered the action of hypotonic solution/treatment?
Hsu, Makino, and Hughes (1952)
Who confirmed 46 chromosomes in human meiotic chromosomes?
Ford and Hamerton (1952)
Who showed correct chromosome number of humans (46?)
Tjio and Levan (1956)
Who discovered the first human chromosomal aberration?
Marthe Gautier (1958)
era of clinical cytogenetics
1960
first law of Mendel’s laws of inheritance, stating that two alleles for a given gene segregate during gamete formation, so that each gamete carries only one allele
Law of Segregation
second law of Mendel’s laws of inheritance, stating that the inheritance of one gene is independent of the inheritance of another gene
Law of Independent Assortment
occurs when sections are exchanged between homologous chromosomes during meiosis
recombination / crossing-over
