Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

Charles I believed he was king by…

A

divine right.

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2
Q

What year did Charles I become king?

A

1625.

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3
Q

Who sparked Civil War in 1642?

A

Rebellions in Scotland and Ireland.

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4
Q

Who was the king defeated by, in the Civil War?

A

An army organised and led by the English parliament

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5
Q

From 1646 to 1648, the parliamentarians attempted to negotiate a…

A

settlement with the king - Charles refused to negotiate.

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6
Q

Instead, Charles used this time to…

A

raise new forces and renew the war with the help of the Scots.

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7
Q

In 1649, where was Charles executed?

A

Outside the Banqueting Hall of his own Palace of Whitehall in London.

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8
Q

The death of Charles I was followed by the…

A

abolition of the monarchy and England’s only period of republican government.

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9
Q

What was the source of law and government in all three British kingomds?

A

The monarch.

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10
Q

The Royal Court, the centre of political life, was made up of…

A

the monarch’s friends, servants and associates, as well as other important office-holders and some foreign ambassadors.

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11
Q

Within the Royal Court was an inner circle of close friends and advisers, known as the…

A

Privy Council, whose members advised the monarch.

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12
Q

Why was English Kingdom the dominant seat of government

A

Greater wealth and power.

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13
Q

What was generally recognised as the highest form of law?

A

Statue law.

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14
Q

Who made Statue law?

A

The King-in-Parliament

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15
Q

What did the King-in-Parliament take precedence over?

A

Prerogative actions.

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16
Q

Who controlled the lower clergy?

A

Bishops and archbishops.

17
Q

True or False, the archbishop of Canterbury was normally a member of the Privy Council?

A

True

18
Q

Who staffed the common law courts?

A

Judges appointed by the king.

19
Q

Who enforced and administered the law at a local level?

A

Justices of the Peace (JPs).

20
Q

Who were JPs assisted by?

A

Parish officials - constables, overseers of the poor and church wardens - whose actions the JPs were never expected to supervise.

21
Q

What was the main issue facing Charles when becoming king in 1625?

A

The war with Spain that had been fought by his father, James I.

22
Q

What did James I try to negotiate with Spain?

A

The marriage of the, then, Prince Charles the daughter of the King of Spain, in order to bring a rapid end to the war.