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Oncology > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

Role of the PCP in Cancer

A

Prevention
Screening
Diagnosis
Management of symptoms (treatment or CA)

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2
Q

Prevention of Cancer

A 
Tobacco cessation
Nutrition
Physical activity
Moderate alcohol consumption
Weight management
Decrease sun exposure
Decrease medical radiation
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3
Q

Most Common Cause of Preventable Cancer Death

A

Tobacco

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4
Q

What lowers the risk of several GI cancers?

A

Fruits & vegetables

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5
Q

High intake of what is associated with an increased risk of colon cancer?

A

Red meat

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6
Q

Cancers & Type 2 Diabetes

A

Increased risk in liver, pancreas, & endometrium CA
Lower increased risk of colon, breast, & bladder CA
Decreased risk of prostate CA

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7
Q

Increased Physical Activity can Decrease Risk of What Cancers

A 
Liver
Pancreas
Stomach
Endometrial
Prostate
Breast
Colon
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8
Q

How Exercise Decreases CA Risk

A

Decreased insulin levels
Improved immune function
Altering levels of hormones, growth factors, prostaglandins, & build acid metabolism

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9
Q

Excessive ETOH Increases Risk of what CA

A

H&N
Esophagus
Liver

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10
Q

Obesity & Cancers

A 
Breast
Uterine
Colorectal
Esophageal
Renal
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11
Q

Medical/Ionizing Radiation

A

Effects cumulative

Majority from CT scans

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12
Q

Define Ionizing Radiation

A

Causes electrons to detach from subatomic particles forming free radicals

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13
Q

Problems with Free Radicals

A

Interfere with chemical bonds
DNA mutation or cell death
Damage to essential cellular enzymes

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14
Q

Radiation Induced Cancers

A 
Myeloma
Leukemia
Lung CA
Thyroid CA
Breast CA
Bone CA
Skin CA
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15
Q

How to protect patients from medical radiation?

A

Protect patients from medical imaging studies must be limited & medically justified

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16
Q

What does UV radiation cause?

A

Genetic mutations & interferes with the body’s ability to reject abnormal cells

17
Q

Define Neoplasia

A

Abnormal proliferation of cells in a tissue or organ

18
Q

Define Hyperplasia

A

Proliferation of cells within an organ that may result in gross enlargement in response to a physiological stimulus
Remains under normal regulatory control

19
Q

Define Hypertrophy

A

Increase in cell size

20
Q

Define Dysplasia

A

Early form of pre-cancerous transformation detected in a biopsy or Pap-smear

21
Q

Define Carcinoma “in situ”

A

“cancer in place”
Cells have lost their tissue identity, growth is rapid & without regulation
Not invasie

22
Q

Define Invasive Carcinoma

A

Invading beyond the original tissue layer or location

May metastasize

23
Q

Define Metaplasia

A

Changes in response to chronic physical or chemical irritation that causes the mucus secreting ciliated epithelium to be replaced by simple squamous epithelium

24
Q

Cancer Management Team

A 
Medical oncologist
Radiation oncologist
Surgical oncologist
Palliative care
Dietitian
Social work
Research nurse
Gastroenterologist
Pulmonologist
Surgeons
Dentist
Radiologist
Pathologist
25
Q

Define Oncologist

A

Physician who specialize in the treatment of malignancies

26
Q

Surgical Oncologists

A 
H&N surgeons
Orthopedic oncologists
Gyn-oncologists
Neuro-surgical oncologists
Colorectal surgeons
Thoracic oncologists
Ocular oncologists
Oral surgeons
27
Q

Other Specialists Multidisciplinary Management of Cancer

A 
Neurologists
Maxillofacial specialists
Physiatrists-Physical medicine
Psychiatrists
Pain Management
Pathologists
28
Q

Pharmacists in Cancer Care

A 
Chemotherapy
Pain management
Immunotherapy
Toxicity management
Research drugs
29
Q

Nurses in Cancer Care

A 
Oncology nurses
Med/Surg & ICU
Ostomy nurses
Wound care specialists
Pain management specialists
Home care nursing
Hospice nursing
30
Q

Support Personnel in Cancer Care

A 
Social work
Psychologists
Neurobiologist & psychometrics
Wig fitters
Prosthetist
Mastectomy Fitters
Speech pathology
Physical therapy
Nutrition
Integrative medicine specialists
31
Q

Define Palliative Care

A

Interdisciplinary care of the patient & family
Focus on relieving suffering, improving QOL
Pain & symptom management
Bereavement support

32
Q

Most Common Cancer in Women

A

Breast

33
Q

Most Common Cancer in Men

A

Prostate

34
Q

Cancer that Causes Most Deaths in Men & Women

A

Lung

Oncology (11 decks)

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