Introduction Flashcards
Physiological response at 30s into exercise (800m)
VO2 max reached
Aerobic respiration
Physiological response at home straight of 800m race?
Anaerobic respiration
Source of muscle fatigue
Anaerobic glycolysis = the breakdown of CHO at a high rate Lactate accumulation Contains protons/H+ ions PH reduced Enzymes denatured Negative impact on muscle contraction
Main determinants of success (2)
Maintenance of VO2 max
Running speed at which VO2 max occurs
Impact of priming on 800m study:
Author
Nature of study
Results
Ingham et al. (2013) 2 diff warm ups - typical 800m - heavy warm up (200m at race pace) Both ran 800m 5 mins later Control = 125.7m.s-1 Experimental = 124.5m.s-1 (1% improvement= big in terms of race time)
Physiological changes that occur in the muscle due to priming (3)
Increase in blood flow due to vasodilation and increase in cardiac output
Rate limiting enzymes (utilise O2) are primed so muscle O2 extraction increases
More motor unit recruitment at onset of exercise
Why are the physiological responses to exercise due to priming beneficial?
More motor units recruited
Energy requirement shared across muscle
Tension per fibre is recruited
Young sedentary, elite endurance:
Resting heart rate
YS 60-80bpm
EE 40-60bpm
Young sedentary, elite endurance:
Maximum heart rate
200, 180
Young sedentary, elite endurance:
Resting stroke volume
50-80 ml.b-1, 80-120ml.b-1
Young sedentary, elite endurance:
Max stroke volume
100ml.b-1, 160ml.b-1
Young sedentary, elite endurance:
Resting cardiac output
5 L.min-1 for both
Young sedentary, elite endurance:
Maximum cardiac output
18-23 L.min-1, 30-35
Young sedentary, elite endurance:
Resting O2 uptake
250ml.min-1 for both
Young sedentary, elite endurance:
Max O2 uptake
2.5-3.5L.min-1, 5-6
Young sedentary, elite endurance:
Oxygen cost of low intensity exercise (cycling)
10ml.min-1.W-1
Absolute VO2
A given value (mL/min)
Relative VO2
In relation to body weight (mL/kg/min)
Lactate threshold: Definition As shown on graph Relevance / practical application Typical values Is equal to ...
The exercise intensity at which blood late concentration begins to exponentially increase
On graph - 1st increase above baseline levels
Used to model training
LT = 1-2 mmols.L-1
GET
Lactate turn point
Relevance
Typical values
Is equal to …(3)
The running speed at which there’s a distinct sustained and sudden breakpoint in BLa
Useful for mid distance running as able to sustain a good speed
LTP = 2-4mmol.L-1
Equal to:
MLSS - maximum lactate steady state
CP/CS - critical speed or critical power
RCP - respiratory compensation point
Running economy:
Definition
Elite vs novice
Equation
The energy demand VO2 for a given velocity of sub,animal p
Physiological response at 1 second of exercise
From relative rest to 1s into race, how does energy requirement change?
ATP RESYNTHESIS - phospocreatine breakdown by creatine kinase
X100 increase
