Introduction

Question 1

natural polymers occur in nature and are synthesized by ____

Answer 1

cells

Question 2

types of natural polymer

Answer 2

polysaccharide

protein

polynucleotides

polyisoprene

polyester

lignin

Question 3

polyisoprene makes

Answer 3

natural rubber

Question 4

polysaccharides make

Answer 4

gums

gel-forming

structural (cellulose)

reserve of energy (amyloses, amylopectin, starches/glycogen)

Question 5

polyester

Answer 5

corks

suits

Question 6

problems with natural polymers

Answer 6

not easily molded

hard to synthesize in the lab

Question 7

what is a synthetic polymer?

Answer 7

synthesized by scientists

use known chem rxns. and processes

mostly made from organic s.m.

Question 8

petroleum

Answer 8

gets refined into 90% fuel and 10% petrochemicals

Question 9

petrochemicals

Answer 9

solvents

monomers (polymers)

other organic compounds

Question 10

types of synthetic polymers

Answer 10

plastic

fiber

film

elastomers

adhesives

Question 11

plastic definition

Answer 11

material that can be heated & molded

Question 12

2 types of plastic

Answer 12

thermoplastic

thermoset resin

Question 13

thermoplastic

Answer 13

can be reprocessed by reheating

Question 14

thermoset resin

Answer 14

when heated and molded it chemically reacts to form a 3-D network

can’t be remolded upon reheating b/c won’t melt

Question 15

fibers

Answer 15

polymers w/ high strength in one direction that can be processed into long strands

Question 16

uses of fibers

Answer 16

textiles (relatively weak)

commercial monofilament fishing line (pull up to 80 miles long)

bulletproof vests (aramids)

Question 17

films

Answer 17

polymers with 2-D strength

processed into thin flexible sheets

Question 18

examples of films

Answer 18

polyethylene

polyester

Question 19

elastomers

Answer 19

rubbery polymers w/ stretching ability

Question 20

examples of elastomers

Answer 20

polybutadiene

polyisoprene

golf balls, tires, latex gloves, rubber bands

Question 21

adhesives

Answer 21

glues & sealants that are rubbery or hard after dry

Question 22

examples of adhesives

Answer 22

epoxies

polyvinyl alcohol

polycyanoacrylate

Question 23

why use synthetic polymers?

Answer 23

replacement of conventional materials

mostly organic (lower density compared to glass, metal, ceramics)

lighter, therefore higher strength to weight ratio

Question 24

pros of polymers

Answer 24

diff physical/mechanical properties, chemically resistant

made optically clear, translucent, opaque, textured, multicolored

takes less E to produce/lower mass/less s.m. needed

Question 25

protein

Answer 25

egg whites

gelatin

collagen/elastin

silk/wool

Question 26

lignin

Answer 26

binder that holds cellulose fibers together

cell walls