Cellulose Nitrate Flashcards
1
Q
what is cellulose nitrate
A
inorganic ester
nitrocellulose (NO3)
2
Q
steps
A
1) cellulose + H2SO4 and HNO3 (creates NO2+ ion and H2O)
2) 1º OH on cellulose is Nu attacks NO2
3) HSO4- removes proton from resulting structure
3
Q
degree of substitution
A
1-2 groups = plastics/adhesives
2-2.3 groups = lacquers, films (photographic/movie), cement
2.2-2.3 groups = explosives
4
Q
why explosive?
A
decomposes rapidly and exothermically
gases form (O2, H2O, N2); N2 is highly stable, driving force
change in energy of ONO2 to N2 is huge (delta H is large and negative)
5
Q
what is a safer film?
A
cellulose acetate
6
Q
do you only get reaction at C1?
A
no, a mix of C1, C2, C3, C6
7
Q
why is nitrocellulose dangerous?
A
flammable, and explosive
